Goharshad

Gauhar - Schad ( also Gouhar - Schad, persian گوهرشاد, DMG Gauhar -SAD, Jewel joy '; † July 31, 1457 ) entitled Agha was a remarkably influential wife of the Timurid ruler Shah Ruch (r. 1405-1447), to whom she bore three daughters and three sons, including the multi-talented Prince Baysonqur (1397-1433) and the "Astronomers Sultan " Ulugh Beg (r. 1447-1449 ). Along with her ​​brothers and other relatives they had a decisive political and cultural influence on the history of the Timurid dynasty.

Gauhar - Schad, whose father had served Giyath ad-Din Tarkhan under Timur (r. 1370-1405 ) as emir was not the main woman Shah Ruch, the ruler but was especially close to and influenced him ( and Baysonqur ) in its political decisions. Even when her husband 1444/45 fell ill and eventually died in 1447, she interfered in the affairs of state and tried together with their relatives, most notably the so-called Tarkhan - emirs in favor of her grandson Ala ad-Daula and his son Ibrahim in intervene to the throne, which she, however, had no lasting success. After Ala ad-Daula they and their followers had on April 30, 1447 freed from captivity in Abd al- Latif ibn Ulugh Beg (r. 1449-1450 ), tried to convey 1456/57 between the rival Timuridenprinzen Gauhar - Schad. Since this is the former dominance of the emirs of the Regent of Herat, Shah Mahmud ibn Abu al -Qasim Babur threatened, was this his upper - Emir Shir Pilgrimage Holiday executed the majority of the Tarkhan emirs. As Ala ad-Daula then moved to Herat and Shah Mahmud and his followers fled, entrusted Gauhar - harmful to the defense of the city to court Qutb ad-Din Anmad Imami, the Herat on May 31, 1457 without resistance gave to Ibrahim. However, on 19 July, the city fell to Sultan Abu Said ( r. 1451-1469 ), who was Gauhar - harmful to death because of their support for Ibrahim in 1457. When Abu Said was later captured by the Aq Qoyunlu, handed him Uzun Hasan on February 5, 1469 at Gauhar - Schad's great-grandson Yadgar Muhammad, who personally beheaded him in revenge.

Gauhar - malware is known as a great patron of Persian literature, art and architecture. At her farm had about 100 Persian poet (the " Herat School" ), whose most important is certainly mosque. In architecture, her name stands out along with her ​​son Baysonqur and the builder Qiwam ad-Din Shirazi. So she gave in 1418 for the erection of receiving assistance from it in 1426 with a pious foundation Gauharschad - Friday mosque of Mashhad and settled in Herat from 1417 to 1437 / 38, a Musalla (or mosque ) and a madrasa complex built on the also her 1432 consummate mausoleum is connected. In addition to the queen herself here seven Timuridenprinzen were buried, including Baysonqur.

Comments

Literature and links

  • Wilhelm Barthold: Four Studies on the History of Central Asia, Vol II - Ulugh Beg, Leiden 1958
  • Gauhar - harmful Mosque in Mashhad
  • Gauhar - Schad Musalla complex in Herat
  • Gauhar - Schad Madrasa and Mausoleum in Herat
  • Queen
  • Timuride
  • Born in the 14th century
  • Died in 1457
  • Woman
DIN 31635 Agha (Ottoman Empire) Shahrukh Mirza Uzun Hassan
362483
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