Grainet
Grainet is a town in Lower Bavaria Freyung -Grafenau and a nationally recognized resort.
- 2.1 Amalgamations
- 2.2 Population development
- 3.1 municipal
- 3.2 Mayor
- 3.3 Finance
- 3.4 Coat of Arms 3.4.1 Grainet
- 3.4.2 Fürholz
- 3.4.3 Vorderfreundorf
- 4.1 parish
- 4.2 Parish Church of Holy Trinity
- 4.3 Nicholas Church
- 4.4 Kohlstatt Brunn
- 4.5 Further chapels
- 4.6 monuments
- 5.1 Economy, agriculture and forestry
- 5.2 Education
Geography
Geographical Location
The municipality is located in the Danube- forest in southeastern Bavarian Forest. Grainet is located in a sunny valley at the foot of the 1170 meter high Haidel approximately 8 km east of Freyung, 9 kilometers north of Forest churches, each 20 kilometers away from the borders with the Czech Republic and Austria.
Community structure
The municipality has twelve Grainet officially named districts:
- Exenbach
- Fürholz
- Grainet
- Gschwendet
- Hobelsberg
- Kronwinkel
- Obergrainet
- Top rope mountain
- Ohmühle
- Rehberg
- Lower cable mountain
- Vorderfreundorf
There are the districts:
- Böhmzwiesel
- Fürholz
- Grainet
- Rehberg
- Vorderfreundorf
Neighboring communities
- Freyung
- Haidmuehle
- Hinterschmiding
- Neureichenau
- Jandelsbrunn
- Forest churches
History
Grainet was created in 1400 as a so-called Säumerdorf (from Middle High German = Sam horses load ) on the Gold Trail, an ancient trade route between Bohemia and Bavaria, which was already in 1010 first mentioned. The salt transport from Passau to the Bohemian Prachatitz were an important source of income for the poor Bayer and Böhmerwäldler in the late Middle Ages. Since the Thirty Years War of the trade came up with the "white gold" always more to a halt.
Grainet 1803, the Bishopric of Passau was associated secularized along with the majority of the high pin and the territory in favor of Ferdinand of Tuscany. Since the peace treaties of Brno and Bratislava in 1805 the place belonged to Bavaria.
In 1897 the church name was officially changed to Untergrainet Grainet.
Incorporations
On January 1, 1971, the formerly independent communities Fürholz and Rehberg were incorporated. On April 1, 1971, added Vorderfreundorf.
Population Development
Policy
Parish council
The council has been working for the municipal election on 2 March 2008 as follows:
- CSU: 6 seats ( 41.3 % of the vote )
- SPD: 5 seats ( 34.8 % of the vote )
- UWG Vorderfreundorf / FW: 3 seats ( 23.9 % of the vote )
Mayor
Mayor 's Kaspar Vogl (SPD ), who was elected at the municipal election in 2008 unopposed with 93.68 % of the valid votes.
Finances
Coat of arms
Grainet
The coat of arms description reads: Split of silver and green; in confused colors front a vertical asked leafy rod behind a bell.
The branch similar verdant rod refers to the place name, which is derived from " green", and the legend of the origin of the settlement: A Lost Wanderer praised the event of his salvation, to build a chapel. After he had found his way back, he marked the site for the church with his walking stick, which he found planted on his return to the wild. After this verdant bar the later settlement to be named. The bell, called a Säumerglocke, reminiscent of the lively trade by Grainet. There, the salt carters cultivated a rest before the height of Leopoldsreut insert. The regular ringing of the bell should have the Salzsäumern on the Golden Path at night and fog the way.
Fürholz
The coat of arms description reads: Front left in blue three silver lace, the back of a golden green pile, covered with a silver lily.
Fürholz, located on the so-called Prachatice riser, a major trade route between Passau and Bohemia, in 1256 received by Bishop Otto of Lonsdorf privileges for the transportation of goods. With the emblem emblematic street, the stake, the Lonsdorfer reminds coat of arms on it. The Monastery Passau Niedernburg had in Fürholz toll rights, so the lily. Specially design as Cleve, an indication of the low Burger Marienkirche
Vorderfreundorf
The coat of arms description reads: Above, a black grouse on white background, crossed the bottom of a gold drift hook and a paring knife on a green background.
The black grouse points to the rich hunting grounds, pasture hook and paring knife, a so-called Scheppser who needed men of Vorderfreundorf for timber rafting on the Osterbach that brought bread and work, especially in the 19th century.
Twinning
Czech Republic / Germany
Between the town Prachatice (Czech Republic) and Grainet a partnership agreement in 1996 closed.
Freeman
With the award of the honorary citizenship of the town Grainet persons who have rendered outstanding services to the community appreciates.
- Simon Forsthofer, (* 1838, † November 23, 1923 in Landau ), a pastor in Grainet 1882-1893, founder of the Association loan associations, builder of the church tower (1887 /88)
- . Josef Herkner ( † 29 September 1986 Grainet ), Episcopal clergyman Council, parish priest in Grainet 1964-1984, Ceremony 1984 In the eulogy said Mayor Joseph grave Maier: "You have sown a good seed, the ripe fruits brought forth " what Herkner replied: "I have done my duty ." His final resting place he found in a grave of honor in the cemetery in Grainet.
- Josef Rief, MD ( born March 15, 1926 † 5 September 2002)
Culture and sights
Parish
Grainet belonged until 1750 to the parish Freyung. Four to five times a year, the Freyunger priest celebrated Mass in the old church of St. Nicholas, which was, however, become too small due to the population growth in the community. They turned to Cardinal Prince-Bishop Joseph Dominic von Lamberg in Passau, who asked but the plight recognized no money for a new church building available. The Passau host and ship Champion Lukas core (1681-1749), known as the founder and benefactor, helped the poor forest dwellers and they could build a separate parish with a basis of 10,000 guilders and begin construction of a new church. With Fürholz, Gschwendet, Hochstein, Hobelsberg, Mitterling, Ohmühle, Rehberg, upper and lower rope mountain and Vorderfreundorf, with Auersbergsreut, Marchhäuser, Schnellnzipf (now parish Bischofsreut ), with Haidhäuser, Haidmuehle, Ludwigsreut, Theresienreut (now parish Haidmuehle ) with Duschlberg, Gschwendet, rear Freundorf, Leopoldsreut, Easter mill Schwendreut had to care pastorally in 1867 over 3000 Catholics of the parish priest. From 1794 it two assistant priest ( cooperators ) were on hand today are Pfarrverband Grainet, Herzogsreut, Hinterschmiding to serve nearly 4,000 Catholics and holiday guests.
Parish Church of Holy Trinity
The church was built from 1747 to 1756 after plans by the architect Passau Severin Goldberger. The Passau painter Johann Georg unrest (1724-1801) created the original high altar with an altarpiece Assumption of the Virgin, taken by the Holy Trinity al fresco, that is, painted on fresh plaster. In 1823, they purchased the high altar of 1803 secularized Franciscan Church in Passau. Attributed to the construction with stepped columns, pilasters and Akanthusschmuck, the Passau sculptor Matthias Högenwald ( 1681), extends to the vault. The altarpiece, painted in 1686 by Franz Ignaz Bendl ( Pendl ), the Coronation of the Virgin by the Holy Trinity dar. On both sides are larger than life St. Louis and St. Bonaventure. In the elevator, above which is an oval image of the Virgin Mary, flanked by two other Franciscan saints and two angels. The side altars, also originally decorated with frescoes, were at the last renovation 1999 visible again and have now been displaced by the 1826 manufactured by the Hutthurmer carpenter Mathias Schmidt wooden structures again. The lost oil paintings of the patron saints of the Donors' couple Luke and Theresa core are replaced by motives of the Passion of Christ. The altar paintings are framed by two columns, in the elevator two subject images are laterally decorated with cherubs. Distributed In the nave are wooden sculptures from the 15th and 18th centuries. There is a Fatima Madonna About the Baroque baptismal font. The organ stands on a double balcony above the main entrance, a Gothic Mount of Olives is placed in the side entrance. 1887/88 the simple ridge turret was replaced by tower of one meter in height, wearing a four-part peal. Altar and a lectern were designed in 1975 in the sculpture workshop of Leopold Hafner.
Nicholas Church
Around twice as old as the new parish church is St. Nicholas Church was built around 1500, but it was completely destroyed in the great fire in the village on September 8, 1911 in which six residential buildings burned down with outbuildings. An eyewitness reported that the roof turret looked like a burning candle. The fact that the high altar was saved, almost a miracle. The altarpiece of the church patron St. Nicholas of Myra with St. Barbara and St. Catherine, flanked by two wreathed with vine leaves twisted columns, dates from the mid -17th century. A Madonna and Child in 1450, the St. Sebastian ( early 16th century) and other Baroque figures decorate the church.
Kohlstatt Brunn
On the way between Hobelsberg and Gschwendet located in the forest of pilgrimage Kohlstatt Brunn. One source at a place where the Fürholzer forge operated their charcoal kilns, they said healing power, especially for eye complaints, according to. The pilgrimage to Kohlstatt Brunn is a so-called Bruendl pilgrimage. The main festival is celebrated every year on the Assumption (August 15 ) and is considered the largest pilgrimage in the lower Bavarian Forest. In 1895 the stone church built a votive tablet tells the history of the pilgrimage. The Lorenz Seidl, Häusler from Mrs. Berg, met the devil; in gratitude for his salvation he promised the construction of the chapel.
Opposite is the Schächerkapelle, put in at a crucifixion group ( 1834), among many votive tablets after prayers mainly for animal diseases and livestock diseases and wooden limbs (feet, legs, arms, hands) and crutches testimony of the popular piety of the forest people.
Other chapels
Monuments
→ List of monuments in Grainet
Economy and infrastructure
Economy, agriculture and forestry
It was in 1998 according to official statistics in the manufacturing sector and 97 in the area of trade and transport 20 persons work at the workplace. In other areas, were employed to social security at the workplace 64 people. Social insurance contributions at residence, there were a total of 817 in the manufacturing sector, there were none, the construction sector 7 operations. In addition, in 1999, there were 95 farms with an agricultural area of 1169 ha, of which 958 ha of permanent green space.
Education
There are the following facilities (as of 1999):
- 75 kindergarten places with 69 children
- A primary school in the school association with the main part of school Hinterschmiding