Haram

Haram (Arabic حرام, DMG Haram ) is an Arabic adjective that referred to Islam, everything that " forbidden inviolable, sacred " according to the Shari'ah. In its ambiguity, it corresponds most closely to the German concept of taboo. The opposite of halal is haram ( حلال ), which designates under Sharia law allowed. To be distinguished is the adjective from the Arabic noun Haram Haram, featuring a sacred precinct.

As a term for forbidden

As a term for " forbidden " encountered the term haram already in the Koran. Thus in Sura 16:116, people are asked not to claim with tongue liar, that this was a permitted ( halal) and the other forbidden ( haram ). According to Islamic belief commits a Muslim with the execution of the Koran or of the legal doctrine classified as haram indeed a sin. In this sense Haram mamnu from the adjective '/ ممنوع / mamnū ʿ delineate the designated secular law forbidden.

One of the most important recent works of Arabic, Haram bans will be dealt with in the, is the 1960 for the first time published book " The Permitted and the Prohibited in Islam " (al- Halal wa-al -Haram fī al - Islām ) by Yusuf al - Qaradawi. Here, among other things, the wine prohibition, the prohibition to build monuments, the different types of forbidden magic and various prohibitions of the economic area as the prohibition of interest and the prohibition of risk transactions are discussed in detail.

As a term for Holy

Also in terms of " inviolable " or " holy" is already the term Haram before the Koran. Called the Kaaba with the surrounding plant al - Masjid al -Haram ( المسجد الحرام /, the holy place of worship / mosque '); Thus, in several places ( 17:1, for example, 2:144 ). And for the Kaaba itself is elsewhere (Sura 5:97 ), the term al - bayt al -Haram ( البيت الحرام /, the holy house ' ) were used. ( Medina Islamic) declared haram in § 49 of the Municipal Code of Medina, which can be dated in its received version to the year 627, and the Valley of the pre-Islamic settlement Yathrib is.