Helophyte
As marsh plants ( helophytes, from Greek ἕλος helos, marsh, swamp ' and φυτόν phyton, plant ' ) refers to those plants which have their roots in a background that is under water or more water-logged, whose leaves and flowers are almost always in airspace are.
Structure
The marsh plants can be divided into four groups of life and growth forms:
- Reed plants ( Arundophyten ) that get deep in water banks up to about 1.5 m water depth and are characterized by strong rhizomes able to form dense populations. The reed plants include: bur-reed
- Kalmus
- Cattail
- Reed
- Bulrushes
- Shallow water plants ( Tenagophyten ) are very well adapted generally to water level fluctuations. You can train underwater, floating leaf, shallow water and land forms depending on water depth. The shallow-water plants include: Bachbunge
- Watercress
- Common plantain
- Lippenmäulchen
- Arrowhead
- Pill ferns
- Swamp Iris
- Mare's tail
- Four-petalled Kleefarn
- Water corn plants
- Blue Water - speedwell
- Nutsedge
- Wet soil plants ( Limosophyten ) grow preferentially in long-term water-saturated substrate. Flooding in winter periods are survived with underground parts or seed. The wet soil plants include, for example: needle mantels
- Sign Speedwell
- Wolfstrapp
- Wet soil plants ( Uligophyten ) require moist soil and can tolerate flooding. Representatives of the wet soil plants are commonly found on flood meadows or on the shore accompanying Hochstaudenfluren. These include for example: valerian
- Marsh Cranesbill
- Wasserdost
Marsh plants for human consumption
- Watercress (Nasturtium officinale)
- Ordinary arrowhead ( Sagittaria sagittifolia )
- Rice ( Oryza, in its wild form was not a marsh plant )
- Cattail ( Typha )
- Taro (also taro, Colocasia esculenta )
- Wasabi ( Wasabia japonica)
- Water chestnut ( Eleocharis dulcis )
- Wassermimose ( Neptunia natans )
- Smartweed ( Persicaria hydropiper )
- Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica )
- Wild rice ( Zizania, " water bamboo " )
In many parasites living water. They can be transmitted to humans and animals if marsh and aquatic plants are eaten uncooked. Especially in Southeast Asia is transmitted via cercariae that have encystiert on marsh and aquatic plants as metacercariae as the Riesendarmegel.