Hermann Müller (Thurgau)
Hermann Müller ( born October 21, 1850 in Taegerwilen, Canton Thurgau, † January 18, 1927 in Wädenswil ) was a Swiss plant physiologist, botanist and oenologist Rebzüchter. He called himself after his home canton Müller- Thurgau. Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Müll. - Thurgau. ".
Life
Hermann Müller came from a bakery and wine-growing family, first attended the teacher training college in Kreuzlingen near Konstanz and in 1869 teacher at the town's secondary school in Stein am Rhein. He then studied at the Polytechnic Institute in Zurich, today the ETH Zurich, where he graduated in the fall of 1872, the subject teacher 's degree in science.
After studying at the University of Neuchâtel ( Switzerland ), he moved in 1872 to the former Botanical Institute of the University of Würzburg, Julius Sachs, where he received his doctorate in 1874 and continued to work as his assistant two years.
From 1876 to 1890 he worked at a senior position at the plant physiological experiment station of the Geisenheim Research Institute. In 1891 he received an appointment to the German -Swiss Research Station for Fruit-Growing, Viticulture and Horticulture in Wädenswil, today Agroscope Changins- Wädenswil ( ACW), of which he took.
Work
Müller is now best known for his namesake varietal Müller -Thurgau, which he introduced as breeding from the Riesling and Sylvaner. Because genetic studies since 1998 turned out that there is in fact but a crossing of Riesling (mother) and Madeleine Royale (father). Royal Madeleine is a breeding from the circle shape of the Chasselas ( Chasselas ).
Next he worked on ground-breaking research in the fields of physiology of the vine (including the floral biology, as well as assimilation and metabolic processes ), for Phytopathology of the vines (especially on downy mildew, Botrytis on, red fire ). Müller recognized and explored as first the relationships between climatic conditions and rest periods with vines, bulbs and fruit trees.
In essence winery he explored ways to control the alcoholic fermentation, the biodegradation of acids and undesirable developments in fermentation and aging of the wine. He bred Gärhefestämme with special properties and worked on methods for the production of non-alcoholic grape juice. At the suggestion of his friend Auguste Forel towards Müller extended these experiments to methods for producing non -proofed fruit juices, particularly apple and pear juices from. Müller is regarded worldwide as a pioneer in the field of unfermented pasteurized fruit juices.
Writings
From Müller 330 publications are known to the field of plant physiology (103 ), plant diseases (85 ), Rebzüchtung ( 7! ), Fermentation biology (111 ) and various others ( 24) to distribute. So among other things:
- About sugar accumulation in plant parts as a result of lower temperature ( 1882)
- Noble rot of grapes (1887 )
- About the freezing and freezing of plants ( 1879)
- The preparation of fermented and non-alcoholic fruit and grape wines (1896 )
- Depending on the performance of the grapes on the development of the seed (1897)
- The Red burner of the Vine (1903 )
- Bacteria bubbles ( Bacteriocysten ) ( 1908)
- Bacteria in wine (1913 )
Private life
Müller was active in the Swiss Alpine Club. He and his wife Bertha bending from Oestrich / Rheingau, whom he married in 1881, he had three daughters. The husband of his eldest daughter became his successor in Wädenswil.
Honors
- Honorary Doctor of the University of Bern (1920 )
- Honorary member of the German Winegrowers' Association (1890)