Historical regions of Romania

In Romania and Moldova following historical regions are:

Banat

The Banat covers an area of ​​28,523 square kilometers. The largest part of Banat is in the circles Timiş and Caras -Severin in Romania. The Romanian Banat is in the west part of the Pannonian lowlands ( " the Heath " ), in the northeastern part of the hill country ( " the hedge " ) and in the south east of the Carpathians ( Banat Mountains, Poiana Rusca and Retezat Mountains ). Economic and cultural center is the city Timisoara ( Temeswar or Temeschburg German, Hungarian Temesvár ). The western part of Banat is in Serbia and is to the Middle Mountains Vršačke Planine almost entirely of lowlands. The northwestern corner of the Banat is in the south-east Hungary.

The Banat is now divided into the following groups; in Romania:

• Timiş
• District Caras -Severin ( Banat Mountains )
• Arad County (south of the river Mures )
• Circle Mehedinţi ( a small part of the west)

In Serbia:

• Vojvodina Severni Banat ( North Banat )
• Srednji Banat ( Zentralbanat )
• South Banat ( South Banat )

In Hungary:

• Csongrád

Dobrogea

The Dobruja ( Dobrogea Romanian, Bulgarian Dobrudza Добруджа, Turkish Dobruca, also trans - Danubien ) is a landscape between the lower Danube and the Black Sea. The landscape forms the border area between south-eastern Romania and northeastern Bulgaria.

The Dobruja is the northeastern tip of the Balkan Peninsula and covers an area of ​​23 262 square kilometers. The Romanian area fraction in the counties of Tulcea and Constanta is 15,570 square kilometers. The Dobrogea is Ţuţuiatul ( Greci ) in the northwest 467 feet high; south of the Cernavoda - Constanta Valley is a lössbedeckte, fertile steppe panel, reaching up to 200 meters high. The largest cities are Constanţa and Tulcea ( Romania ) and Dobrich and Silistra ( Bulgaria ).

Crisana

The Screaming area (also Kreisch country, Romanian Crişana, Hungarian Körösvidék ) is a historical region with the smaller portion in the east of Hungary in the counties of Hajdú -Bihar and Békés and the greater part of the north- west of Romania in the counties of Bihor and Arad. Its territory is bordered on the south by the river Mures ( Mures also ), to the east by the Apuseni Mountains and on the west by the Tisa.

Maramureş

County Máramaros ( also German county of Maramures Maramures or; Hungarian Vármegye Máramaros or older Marmaros, Latin comitatus Maramarosiensis ) was an administrative unit ( county, county ) in the Kingdom of Hungary. The county bordered on the north and north-east to the Austrian Duchy of Galicia (or before 1772 in Poland), on a small piece on the east by the Austrian crown land Bukovina in the eastern south by the county Bistrita - Naszod ( Beszterce - Naszód ), in the south the county - Szolnok Doboka, on the southwest by the county Satu Mare ( Szatmár ) and to the small county Ugocsa and to the west by the Bereg county. It lay between the mountain range of the Carpathian Mountains in the north and on both sides of the Tisza and 1910 had an area of ​​9716 km ².

Today, the northern part is located in the Western Ukraine ( Transcarpathian oblast, see Carpathian Ukraine), and the southern part of the north-western Romania, in the Maramureş County.

Vltava

The former principality consisted of the western part - today in Romania - and the eastern part - now in Moldova, the northern and southeastern parts are now in Ukraine. A small part of Moldavia region (as opposed to " eastern Moldavia " West also referred Moldova ), bordered on the north Bukovina and in the east with the river Prut in Bessarabia. The Herza area (Romanian: Ţinutul Herta, Ukrainian: Край Герца ) is located since 1944 in Ukraine, about 90 % of the population are ethnically Romanian. The northern part of Bukovina ( German book land ) is located in Ukraine. In the West Carpathian Mountains form the border with Transylvania, in the south the rivers Siret Milcov and form the border with Wallachia. The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Moldavian monasteries are mainly located in the historical center of power of the former Principality of Moldavia in the counties of Suceava and Neamţ.

The West Moldova was the northern part of the Romanian Old Reich and included the former boroughs Dorohoi (including the Herza area), Botosani, Suceava (later Fălticeni ), Neamt, Iasi, Roman, Vaslui, Fălciu, Bacau, Tecuci, Tutova, Vrancea and Covurlui. The area of ​​this region covers 38,224 km ².

Satu Mare

The county Satu Mare (Hungarian Szatmár Vármegye; Latin comitatus Szathmariensis ) was an administrative unit (county / county ) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Today, the smaller part is Sathmars (about 1/4 of the area ) in the north- east of Hungary in Szabolcs -Szatmár -Bereg. The greater part with about three-quarters of the area is located in northwestern Romania, mainly in what is now Satu Mare County, but also includes parts of the circle Maramureş. A small part of the region is the place Welyka Palad (then Hungarian Nagypalád ) and now belongs to ukraischen Oblast Transcarpathia. 1910, had an area of ​​6287 km ².

Transylvania

Transylvania is known under the following names:

• The Romanian name is Romanian Ardeal or Transilvania.
• The Hungarian name is Erdély Hungarian (Hungarian erdő - elve; , beyond the forest ').
• The Latin designation is Latin Transsilvania derived from trans silvana; , Beyond the forest '
• The eingedeutschte on this basis designation Transylvania and Transylvania was used in medieval documents.

The origin of the German name Transylvania is not fully understood. Suppositions go there, bring him back to the seven by German settlers ( the Saxons ) founded towns ( Brasov, Sighisoara, Medias, Sibiu, Mühlbach, Bistrita and Cluj ). The associated Chairs (Hungarian szék, units of their own jurisdiction - each chair had a royal judge who was alone responsible to the Hungarian king) may be part of the naming. The name is first urbium in German sources from the 13th century as a septum, reported Terra septem castrorum and similar variants. In German transcript it says the end of the 13th century, Transylvania for the first time and referred to at that time only the region of the Seven chairs as administrative units or authorities in the Hermannstadt province. Only later did the term has expanded spatially and eventually encompassed the same space as Ardeal and Erdély.

Transylvania is geographically the center and the north-western Romania. From the southern ( Wallachia ) and eastern ( Moldavia and Bukovina ) parts of the country Transylvania is separated by the Eastern Carpathians and the Transylvanian Alps ( Southern Carpathians ), which together form the southern Carpathian Mountains. To the west separates a part of the Western Romanian Carpathians, the Apuseni Mountains, Transylvania from Crisana from. The area of Transylvania is 59,651 km ².

Also, parts of today's Romania, until 1918/1920 to Hungary belonged ( the Crisana, the Satu Mare region, the southern part of the former county of Maramures and the Romanian part of Banat ) are sometimes mistakenly added to Transilvania, so that it is often greater than the historic territory is represented.

The following Romanian counties are part of Transylvania:

• Alba (Karl castle, Gyula - Székesfehérvár )
• Bistrita-Nasaud ( Bistrita, Beszterce - Naszód )
• Braşov (Kronstadt, Brassó )
• Cluj ( Cluj Kolozsvár )
• Covasna ( Covasna )
• Harghita ( Csíkszereda, Harghita )
• Hunedoara (iron market, Hunyad )
• Mures ( Mures, Maros )
• Sibiu (Hermannstadt, Szeben )

Transylvania is part of the following counties:

• Bacau ( the community Ghimes )
• Suceava ( a small portion west of the rivers Dorna and Bistrita Golden )
• Caras -Severin ( the community Bautar )
• Maramureş (the city of Targu Lapus and its surroundings )
• Neamţ ( municipalities Damuc, Bicaz Chei and Bicazu - Ardelean )
• Vâlcea (a small uninhabited stretch of land north of the loud Erbaches )
• Salaj ( the eastern half, east of the mountains meses )

Historical- geographical regions of Transylvania are:

• Silvanien
• Kalotaszeg
• Nösnerland
• Reener Ländchen
• Transylvanian Heath
• Pimp country
• Székelyföld
• Kokeltal
• Hatzeger country
• Under forest with the Zekesch Highlands
• Altland
• Harbachtal and Harbach Highlands
• Burzenland
• Fagaras country

Walachia

Wallachia region consists of the Lesser Wallachia ( Oltenia, Romanian Oltenia ) in the west and the Great Wallachia ( Muntenia, Romanian Muntenia ) in the East.