Hydralazine

• IUPAC: 1 Hydrazinylphthalazin
• Latin: Dihydralazinum

• 86-54-4 ( hydralazine )
• 304-20-1 ( hydralazine hydrochloride · )

C02DB02

• Vasodilator effect on the smooth muscle
• Antihypertensive

172-173 ° C

Risk

90 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

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Hydralazine (1- Hydrazinylphthalazin ) is a vasodilator drug ( vasodilator ), which ( like the one in Europe rather used hydralazine ) is used for treating high blood pressure disorders in pregnancy or heart failure. Hydralazine is listed in the WHO list of essential medicines.

Pharmacodynamics

As well as dihydralazine, hydralazine relaxes the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels, arteries and arterioles which are extended ( vasodilation ), which leads to a decrease in peripheral resistance. This blood pressure, and afterload are reduced and workload on the heart.

Side effects a reflex tachycardia, decrease of appetite, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, edema, rhinitis and rarely lupus erythematosus -like lesions may occur. The latter are reversible upon discontinuation.

Pharmacokinetics

Following oral administration of hydralazine is almost completely absorbed by a first-pass effect in the liver is the bioavailability but only 25-30%. Maximum plasma levels are reached after 0.5 to 2 hours, the duration of action is two to six hours. The reduction will be 90% in the liver by hydroxylation and N- acetylation. The metabolites are excreted together with unchanged hydralazine on the kidney.

Trade names

Apresoline (USA)

Pertenso ( hydralazine, propranolol, bendroflumethiazide ), TRI- Normin ( atenolol, chlorthalidone, hydralazine ) ( D)