Ibn Kathir

Ibn Kathir, Abu l - Fida ' Isma ʿ il ibn Umar (. . Arabic أبو الفداء إسماعيل بن عمر بن كثير, DMG Abū l - Fida ʾ Ismā ʿ īl b ʿ Umar b Katir; * around 1300 in Bosra, † 1373 in Damascus ) with the honorary title Imad ad-Din / عماد الدين / ʿ Imad ad -Din /, pillar of Religion ' was a Muslim scholar in Damascus.

Life

Ibn Katheer studied after the death of his father in Damascus, and earned a reputation as a Shafi ʿ itischer lawyer, Koranexeget and historian. He was the student of Ibn Taymiyah and al-Dhahabi. By his marriage to the daughter of the then -known scholars of Syria al - Mizzi he had access to the most important scholarly circles of the country. In 1345 he ( Khatib ) has been appointed to the newly established mosque in Mizza at the residence of his father- preacher. From 1366, he held the office of Koranexegeten in the Umayyad Mosque of Damascus.

Works

• Al - Bidaya wa -n- nihaya / البداية والنهاية / al - Bidaya wa -n- nihāya /, The Beginning and the End ' is one of the most famous works of Islamic history, which until the creation of the world according to Islamic beliefs about the biography of the Prophet extends to 1365 and also includes the Islamic conceptions of the world's end. The most important parts of the work concern the everyday political life in his time. The work has been printed in the East several times, the first time in Cairo, 1932-1939, in 14 volumes. The notoriety of this work is confirmed by the frequent mention in later writings of Islamic historiography.

• تفسير القرآن / Tafseer al -Qur ʾ ān /, The Koran exegesis ' follows in its sura / verse arrangement of the Qur'anic commentary of al-Tabari and evaluates in 4 volumes of old materials, which in the latter partly have not survived.

• Faḍā'il al - Qur'an / فضائل القرآن / Fada ʾ il al -Qur ʾ ān /, The merits of the Koran ' was intended as a "Supplement" to his interpretations of the Qur'an. It contains 58 printed pages the history of the Qur'an text, its collection and recording after the death of Muhammad. Here, the author relies primarily on the corresponding chapter in the great canonical hadith collections and briefly commented on their contents. A register of Hadith that Ibn Kathir mentions in his comment is, in Beirut (2nd edition 1987) appeared.

• Al - ijtihad fi talab al - jihad / الاجتهاد في طلب الجهاد / al - Talab al - iǧtihād fī ǧihād / that straining during desire for jihad '; written at the request of the governor of Damascus to highlight the merits of jihad and the Ribats against the Christians on the Mediterranean coast based on the Qur'an and Sunnah.

• Al - Jami '/ الجامع / al - ʿ Ǧāmi /, The Abstract ' is a large-scale collection of hadiths with the names of the Prophet's companions in alphabetical order, and the same as a mediator in the six canonical collections, the Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal are given in small collections. The work served as a reference in the teaching of sciences tradition.