Irnerius

Irnerius of Bologna (also: Guarnerius, Wernerius; * 1050, † 1130 ) was founder of the famous Glossator school in Bologna, which contributed a significant portion to the preservation of Roman legal texts, and in particular for scientific research of Roman law.

Work

With the rediscovery of the so-called Littera Florentina, which was, according to legend stolen by the Pisans at the sack of Amalfi and later wrested by the Florentines, it was the scholars of the time available to take insight into method and practice of the classical Roman law. The Littera Florentina is a part of Corpus Iuris Civilis is, the Digest, and was written off ( littera vulgata / bologniensis ) again omitting all older commentaries / Lega doors.

Irnerius was the first who knew this with my own commentary ( glosses ) in a large scale. He taught at the University of Bologna as magister artium. Irnerius and his students tried to tap the enormous legal substance of the corpus iuris Civilis with the methods of biblical exegesis and the scholastic philosophy. The first generation of students of Irnerius includes the four doctores Bulgarus, Martinus, Jacobus and Hugo, the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa at the Diet of Roncaglia discussed (see also reception of Roman law ). Other important glossators were azo and Accursius ( glossa the Ordinary or the Accursische Gloss 1250). They were followed by the post glossators ( consiliatores ), including Baldus de Ubaldis and Bartolus de Saxoferrato.

Irnerius a German?

Irnerius self signed certificates with " Wernerius "; during his lifetime, his name was written as " Vernerius ", " Warnerius ", " Vuarnerius " and " Gernerius ". As has been developed from the later commonly used designation " Irnerius " is unknown. The Germanic -sounding name " Wernerius " has given rise to the speculation, Irnerius was of German descent. Such names were occupied his time in many northern Italian people of Italian families; also he has himself always referred to as Bolognese.

Irnerius a fictitious person?

After controversial view Irnerius was an artifact, a myth of the medieval jurisprudential School / University of Bologna.

According to this view, the myth " Irnerius " goes back to a certain Wernerius, the beginning of the 12th century in the context of the Emperor Henry V. ( 1106-1125 ) appears. This " Werner von Bologna " acted in some documents as Henry causidicus ( " attorney " ) and iudex ( "judge" ), so in an imperial diploma for the city of Bologna. Werner has also probably taught at the law school in Bologna, maybe some of the traditional glosses are to be assigned to him. Later generations of Bolognese jurists highlighted in the course of the 12th and 13th centuries from the Irnerius Werner, the founder of their school, supposedly the major glossators Bulgarus, Martinus, Jacobus and Hugo - the so-called " quatuor doctores " - had to pupils. The collective memory of law school falsified as the beginnings of Bolognese law at the turn of the 11th and 12th centuries. For less than jurists notaries were at the start of law in Bologna, notaries crowded at that time on the scientific nature of the transactions.

Bears his name in Bologna Via Irnerio and a digitization project of legal manuscripts: Progetto Irnerio.