ISO 9

ISO 9 ( transliteration of Cyrillic characters into Latin characters - Slavic and non- Slavic languages) is an international standard for scientific bijective transliteration of ( all ) Cyrillic characters into Latin or back, using diacritical marks.

Current Version

Expenditures from 1995 and 1986 to replace the earlier editions of 1968 and 1954 with a reversible (1:1) bijective phonetic transliteration of the Cyrillic Elle, regardless of the source language into Latin, regardless of the target language. The Cyrillic - Latin correspondence of Serbo-Croatian is largely respected.

The table shows the characters for Abkhaz, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Moldavian, Mongolian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian, and all Caucasian languages ​​with the modification characters Palotschka ( Ӏ ). Unicode has been around since the 1990s. For the transliterated characters, ISO has no existing Unicode codes, but in some theoretically come more into question. To Ъ The Cyrillic characters according Transliterationsregel as a kind of quotation marks ("U 0022, " U 201 D, U 02 BA, "U 2033, " U 301 E) be rewritten, but only U 02 BA is in Unicode, a letter, the others are punctuation.

Precursor

Letters that are uniform in transliterated ISO 9 and occur in all languages ​​covered, as well as archaic letters are highlighted. Additional comments:

  • г → h ( Ukrainian and Belarusian )
  • и → y ( Ukrainian )
  • і → i ( Ukrainian and Belarusian )
  • х → ch ( Ukrainian and Belarusian )
  • щ → št (Bulgarian )
  • ъ → ă (Bulgarian, in the middle of words ),
  • ѫ → ȧ (Bulgarian)
  • ж → zh
  • й → i
  • х → kh
  • ц → ts (but then тс → t.s )
  • ч → ch
  • ш → sh
  • щ → SHCH
  • ю → yu
  • я → ya

ISO / R 9

The precursor of ISO 9 ISO / R 9:1968. The standard takes into account the languages ​​Russian, Ukrainian, Byelorussian, Croatian, Macedonian and Bulgarian, but not (Old ) Church Slavonic. The non- Slavic languages ​​that use the Cyrillic alphabet, this Standard does not deal.

ISO / R 9:1968 allowed in certain Cyrillic characters deviations from the normal form.

  • The first part defines some standard language-dependent transliterations for Russian (ru), Ukrainian ( uk), Belarusian (be ) and Bulgarian (bg). It is therefore closer to the underlying traditional scientific transliteration.
  • The second part of the standard takes into consideration the traditions in English speaking countries and specified (such as GOST 7.79 ) an alternative system with digraphs instead of diacritics. The caron is to be replaced by a letter suffix to the base h. This part of the standard is identical to the British Standard BS 2979:1958 and must be applied in full or not.

DIN 1460

DIN 1460:1982 is the German adaptation of ISO / R 9:1968. Next to the languages ​​it includes the Russi niche (rs). The DIN standard does not contain the oriented to the English Digraphenvariante and points for transcription with German as the target language on the ( "Mannheim " ) Duden. In addition, in this standard for the Cyrillic х exists only the transcription ch and h only for Macedonian and Serbo-Croatian

If in transliteration twin letters meet, which together also form a digraph form ( lj, nj, dž, dz, ST, SC, ju, yes ), so they should be separated by a hyphen. The diakritschen characters ( accents) may be replaced by others with relevant technical restrictions if necessary; they are not included in the lexical order, ie č = c š = s, ž = z Notwithstanding the above table are DIN this letter sequence before: а, б, в, ґ, г, д, ђ, ѓ, е, ё, є, ж, з, ѕ, и, і, ї, ј, й, к, л, љ, м, н, њ, о, п, р, с, т, ћ, ќ, у, ў, ф, х, ц, ч, џ, ш, щ, ъ, ы, ь, ѣ, э, ю, я, ѫ, ѳ, ѵ.

For the Cyrillic alphabets non- Slavic languages ​​is DIN 1460:1982 DIN 1460-2:2010 supplemented by, the Table 8 of Appendix assumes 5 of library rules for alphabetical cataloging of 1983.

Scientific transliteration

The deviations from ISO / R 9 in the scientific transliteration are listed in the table in parentheses, older or unusual variants in square brackets; archaic letters are marked with an asterisk (*).

Expenditure

  • ISO / R 9:1968. International system for the transliteration of Slavic Cyrillic characters. In: information transfer. 2nd edition. Geneva: ISO, 1982 ( ISO standards handbook 1 ), pp. 13-18. - ISBN 92-67-10058-0
  • ISO 9:1986. Documentation - Transliteration of Slavic Cyrillic characters into Latin characters. In: Documentation and information. 3rd edition. Geneva: ISO, 1988 ( ISO standards handbook 1 ), pp. 353-360. - ISBN 92-67-10144-7
  • ISO 9:1995. Information and documentation - Transliteration of Cyrillic characters into Latin characters - Slavic and non- Slavic languages ​​. In: Library and Documentation. Berlin: Beuth, 2002 ( DIN -Taschenbuch 343 ), pp. 230-245. - ISBN 3-410-15311- X
Macedonian language Serbian language Izhitsa Apostrophe Digraph (orthography) Transcription (linguistics)
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