Jakob Hurt

Jakob Hurt (*. Julijul 10 / 22 July 1839greg in the village Himmaste, then community Vana- Koiola, parish Põlva, Livonia, .. . † 31 December 1906jul / 13 January 1907greg in Saint Petersburg, Russia) was an Estonian folklorist, theologian and linguist.

Early years

Jakob Hurt was born the son of Jaan Hurt (1818-1861) and his wife Marie (nee Kurvitsa, 1818-1898 ). He went to the village school of Himmaste (now Põlva rural community ), and the parish school of Põlva. From 1853 to 1855 he attended the district school and high school in Tartu.

Hurt studied theology from 1859 to 1864 at the University of Tartu, where he was active in the Corporation Livonia since 1860. He completed his studies in 1865 as cand theol. from. Then Jakob Hurt was 1865/66 as a private tutor in the family of Alexander Theodor Middendorffs in Hellenurme ( now the town Palupera ) employed. From 1868 to 1872 he worked as a school teacher in Tartu and Kuressaare.

Pastor

In November 1872 Jakob Hurt was ordained in St. Mary's Church of Tartu. From 1872 to 1880 he was a minister in the Livonian Otepaeae and then headed from 1880 to 1901 as pastor of the Estonian church in Saint Petersburg. In 1886 he received his doctorate in theology at the University of Helsinki.

In July 1868 Jakob Hurt Eugenie Oettel married. The couple had six children.

Estonian language

As a young student Jakob Hurt committed during the period of the National Erwachsens for the strengthening of the Estonian language and culture. From 1872 to 1881 he was the first president of the influential literary Estonian Association ( Eesti Kirjameeste Selts ), who advocated the promotion and modernization of the Estonian language.

Jakob Hurt represented in Fostering the Estonian identity a moderate line and distanced himself from the Baltic German and German -influenced pastors as well as it does on the more radical ideas of Estonian journalists Carl Robert Jakobson. Especially the use of Estonian in schools and in the public education Hurt was a concern.

In the 1880s, he withdrew more and more from public life back, but remained one of the leading figures of the Estonian national emancipation movements. Jakob Hurt devoted himself from now on, especially the folklore and linguistics. His work on the Estonian belong to the formative works for the formation of the written language. In Lühikene opetus kirjutamisest parandatud Viisi (1864 ) laid the foundation stone Hurt a modernized orthography. His doctoral thesis The Estonian nouns on - ne purum (1886 ) and the monograph Eesti sõnadest -line lõpuga (1903 ) were ground-breaking work on Estonian. In collaboration with the linguist Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann Hurt was involved in the work of the great Estonian - German dictionary.

Folklore

In addition, Jakob Hurt systematically collected Estonian folk poetry and folk songs, which he edited from 1863. Under the heading Monumenta Estoniae Antiquae published, among other contributions to the knowledge of Estonian legends and traditions (1863 ), Vana Kannel ( Volume 1: 1875-1886, Volume 2: 1884-1886 ) and Setukeste Laulud ( 1904-1907 ).

Jakob Hurt liegte buried in Raadi Cemetery of Tartu today. His portrait was to be seen on the force until 2011 Ten crowns bill.

Main works

  • Contributions to the knowledge of Estonian legends and traditions, Tartu 1863
  • Lühikene opetus õigest kirjutamisest parandatud Viisi, Tartu 1864
  • Vana Kannel I, Tartu 1875-1886
  • Pildid isamaa sündinud asjust, Tartu 1879
  • Vana Kannel II, Tartu 1884-1886
  • The Estonian nouns on - ne purum, Helsinki 1886
  • Eesti astronoomia, Tartu 1899
  • About the Pskov Estonians or the so-called Setukesen, Helsinki 1904
  • Setukeste Laulud I-III, Helsinki 1904-1907
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