Jan Kucharzewski
January Kucharzewski ( born May 27, 1876 in Vysokie Mazowieckie, † July 4, 1952 in New York City ) was a Polish historian, lawyer, politician and Prime Minister.
Life
Study and career
After school he studied law and history at the University of Warsaw, which he completed in 1898. Immediately thereafter, he joined the political community of the Polish Youth ( Związek Młodzieży Polskiej ) ( Zet ). Later he became a member of the National Democratic Party ( Polish National Demokracja ) and the National League (Liga Polish National ), which he served until 1911. Already at this time he worked as a writer of history books about the 19th century and contemporary issues:
- Socyalizm Prawniczy (1906 )
- Sprawa polska w parlamencie frankfurckim 1848 roku (1908 )
- Maurycy Mochnacki (1910 )
- Epoka Paskiewiczowska. Losy oświaty (1914 )
At the beginning of the First World War he went into exile in Switzerland, where he wrote several articles about the political situation in Poland. In June 1917 he returned to Poland and became the legal speakers ( Kronreferendar ) Council of Regency was.
Prime Minister from 1917 to 1918 and Russia expert
On November 26, 1917, he was the first prime minister of the reign of the Kingdom of Poland. This office he held until his replacement by Antoni Ponikowski on 27 February 1918.
After 1920 he was again mainly active as a scientist and writer of historical literature. 1921 first guest was a member and then in 1929 a full member of the Warsaw Scientific Society ( Towarzystwo Naukowe Warszawskie ). At the same time he acquired a reputation as an excellent connoisseur of the Soviet Union. Between 1923 and 1935 he gave From White to Red Tsardom (Od Białego do Czerwonego caratu, 7 volumes to date), in which he called the USSR first as a red Tsardom and Josef Stalin as the Czar. Eventually he became a corresponding member in 1926 initially and then in 1936 a full member of the Polish Academy of scholarship ( Polska Akademia Umiejętności ).
After the German occupation of Poland in 1940 he went into exile in the United States, where he was one of the founders of the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America, 1942. In addition, he was again the author of articles on the political situation in Poland was, which were characterized predominantly by an anti-communist and anti-Soviet views. During this time his book The Origin of Modern Russia ( 1948) was born.