Jarocin
JAROCIN [ ja'rɔʨin ] ( German: early medieval: Kesselberg, 1875-1920 or 1939-1945 Jarotschin ) is a medium-sized county town ( 26 267 inhabitants) and the capital of the homonymous district ( powiat Jarocinski ) in the eastern part of Poland Greater Poland Voivodeship.
- 9.1 External links
- 9.2 footnotes
City Arms
The coat of arms shows a yellow, a red gate with three blue helmeted turrets.
History
The Jarocin country was inhabited around 1800 BC by a hunter and pastoral tribe.
The rule JAROCIN was awarded in 1257 by the Duke of Posen Boleslaw the Pious to a Janko from the coat of arms tribal Zaremba. This makes JAROCIN the oldest private town in Poland. In principle, it remained private until 1945. Around 1400 began a rapid development of the city, which lay at the crossroads of important trade routes from Wroclaw to Thorn and from Poznan to Kalisz. By this time more than half of the urban population German (mainly immigrants from Silesia). The city passed in 1661 to the Radolinski family over, a branch of the great Polish Uradelsgeschlechts Koszutski, and remained their property until 1945. Between 1793-1807 the city was under the Second Partition of Poland to South Prussia, then to 1815, the Duchy of Warsaw. 1815 JAROCIN was taken back to the province of Prussia and the Grand Duchy of Posen. After 1850, the rapid development of the city, and dispersal of industries. An important railway junction was built in 1875 in JAROCIN. 1889 was created with the Prussian administrative reform of the administrative district Jarotschin. By 1914, the city received a gasworks and sewerage, railway station electric lighting.
On 8 November 1918, the great Polish uprising against Prussian rule broke out. In Jarotschin the first Soldiers of the province of Posen was born. At the battles with the German Free Corps took part in five companies from JAROCIN. After the Polish defeat in the Second World War was JAROCIN in 1939 by the Greater German Reich annexed as part of the Warta country. Many Jewish Poles were expelled by the Nazi authorities and settled German settlers from the Baltic States, Volhynia and Bukovina. End of January 1945, the city was taken by Soviet and Polish troops. Between 1960 and 1975, was a construction industry. It created new companies in the furniture production, woodworking, clothing and machinery factories. During the 1975 Polish administration reform JAROCIN lost its rank as the county seat and became a municipality in the newly formed Province of Kalisch. And 1980 for the first time instead of the music festival in JAROCIN, the most important rock festival of the former Poland. In 1999 the restoration of the district in the new Greater Poland Voivodeship.
Attractions
City
- City Hall, Baroque and Classicism, built in 1804 during the first Prussian rule;
- City Parish Church, St. Martin of Tours, Gothic and Baroque, mentioned in 1257, rebuilt several times (most recently Tower, 1838), with a vault of the Counts and Princes Radolinski / Radolin;
- Church Christ the King, Baroque, early 18th century;
- Former castle of the princes Radolin, built in 1847-1853 in the Tudor style according to plans by Friedrich August Stiller, now houses the city library and two branches of the University of Poznan;
- Old castle in the castle park, originally Gothic, built in 1450, until the end of the 18th century residence of the lords of the manor, now a museum;
- Ruins of the Hospital Church of Saint George, Gothic to 1516, since 1833 permanent ruin;
- Station, built in 1870-1875, Gothic Revival, last still preserved unchanged Prussian trade station in the former province of Posen.
Environment
- Śmiełów: palace and park ensemble, Classicism, with the Museum of Adam Mickiewicz, about 10 km north of the city;
- Dobrzyca: palace and park ensemble, late Baroque and Classicism, also with a museum, about 15 km south-east of the city.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Edward Lasker (1829-1884), German politician
- Hugo Prince of Radolin (1841-1917), German diplomat
- Elisabeth Schwarzkopf (1915-2006), opera singer
Education
JAROCIN has:
- 5 municipal and private kindergartens;
- 4 primary schools;
- Three urban and one private secondary school;
- 2 high schools;
- 2 post upper secondary vocational schools.
- A Humanistic -Economic University in JAROCIN
- A branch of the University of Szczecin for Masters Degree in Administrative Sciences
- The city also two branches of the Poznań universities and the university in Kalisch operate.
Economy
In the city of more than 2700 companies are registered. Jarotschin has clothing, furniture, and food industries.
Municipality ( gmina )
The urban and rural community JAROCIN has an area of 200.23 km ² and 45,000 inhabitants, of which about 60 % fit for work, 30% of adolescents and 10 % retired. It includes the following localities:
Twin Cities
- Libercourt, France, since 1978
- Veldhoven, The Netherlands, since 1995
- Hatvan, Hungary, since 1997
- Schlüchtern, Germany, since 2003
- Oleksandria, Ukraine, since 2004
- Korkuteli, Turkey, since 2007