Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol

Jean Etienne Dominique Esquirol ( born January 4, 1772 in Toulouse, † December 12, 1840 ) was a French psychiatrist.

Life

Esquirol came in 1794 as an assistant in the military hospital to Narbonne. In 1811 he became a physician at the Salpêtrière in Paris. In 1817 he began to keep clinical lectures on diseases soul and soul healing. In 1818, he arranged for the appointment of a commission to investigate and rectify the abuses in asylums.

Esquirol took up the concept of " mania sans delire " his teacher Philippe Pinel and developed him from his teaching of monomanias. He also relied on the 1816 published concept of " Pathomanie " of the Geneva physician André Matthey.

Under monomania Esquirol understood an isolated (partial ) disruption of mental functions that other mental health areas, however, unaffected leaves. A further development of monomania doctrine was made by Charles Henry Marc Chretien.

In 1823 Esquirol Inspector General of the University and in 1825 the first physician at the Maison des Aliénés while he headed the he founded private sanatorium in Charenton -le- Pont. As a result of the July Revolution of 1830 Esquirol lost his public offices and devoted himself almost exclusively to his sanatorium, which was a role model.

In its publication "The mental maladies " (1838 ), he laid the foundations for the classification and psychopathological description of hallucinations.

Esquirol made ​​basics in the research and treatment of mental illness. Karl Hille Christian and Johann Christian August Heinroth were the first who translated the works Esquirols into German.

Contemporary German translations

1838

Works

• Of the passions. Considérées comme Causes symptômes et moyen d' curatifs mental alienation. Les Deux Mondes, Paris 1980, ISBN 2-903402-01-9 ( Repr ed d Paris 1805) [ German: General and especial pathology and therapy of mental disorders. Hartmann, Leipzig 1827. ]
• Aliénation of mental illusions chez les aliénés. Kraus, Nendeln 1978 ( Repr ed d Paris 1832)
• Of mental maladies. Tircher, Paris 1838 [ German: The mental illness in relation to medicine and pharmacology State. Voss, Berlin 1838 ( 2 volumes). ]
• Note sur la monomanie - homicide. . Ballière, Paris 1830 [ German: Remarks about the homicidal monomania. Stone, Nuremberg 1831st ]