Johann Christoph Gatterer

Johann Christoph Gatterer ( born July 13, 1727 Lichtenau at Nuremberg; † April 5, 1799 in Göttingen ) was a German historian in the time of the Enlightenment.

Life

Gatterer was born the son of the couple, Melchior and Gertraut Gatterer. His father was at his birth Wagenknecht in the Nuremberg military garrison Lichtenau. As a child Gatterer moved with his parents to Nuremberg, where the father could feed as Corporal of the local city militia his family only with difficulty. Although Gatterer father himself was illiterate, he allowed his son to attend a Latin school in Nuremberg. Age of 13, he gave himself tutoring, including Latin and Greek, and shortly afterwards also in Hebrew. Even in his school days employed Gatterer probably with the genealogical and heraldic treatises Johann David Köhler (1684-1755), who was from 1714 Professor of History in Altdorf and in 1735 in Göttingen. Köhler would later take on a mentoring for Gatterer. After working as a janitor at the school Lorenz in Nuremberg ( where his former teacher was young Endres Rector ), he moved to the auditorium public, to be able to prepare himself for the university can.

From 1747 he studied in Altdorf near Nuremberg theology, Oriental Studies, Philosophy and Mathematics and 1752 teacher of geography and history at the Gymnasium in Nuremberg, in 1756, in addition professor of imperial history and diplomacy at the local auditorium Aegidianum. 1759, he accepted an appointment as Professor of History in Göttingen, founded 1764, "Historical Academy " since 1766 " Historical Institute ", especially the edition of medieval historical sources, and was instrumental in the publication of scientific journals.

Gatterer established at Göttingen University, the historical auxiliary sciences (until now the disciplines, diplomatics, genealogy, geography, heraldry and numismatics include chronology ). Especially in the disciplines of genealogy and diplomacy he helped shape the standards for German universities and has authored numerous fundamental works on individual disciplines and historical abstracts. For Gatterer these auxiliary sciences were no subordinate minor subjects, but the foundation on which to build up the historical science, and without which no serious historical research can be operated. As for historical science itself, he called for the use of source information, evidence and criticism for the helpful scientific disciplines. The " genealogical truth " is the ultimate goal - it has not changed until today. His educational innovations was that he no longer mediated the auxiliary sciences only as to-learn rules, but the intuition brought in typical Enlightenment fashion in academic teaching and his teaching always explained to originals and engravings of manuscripts and documents. These innovations were Gatterer students as Friedrich Mereau, Gregor Gruber and Martin Schwartner also in Austria and Hungary to the academic standards. Gatterer didactic collection, Gatterer apparatus, was famous in the late 18th century and became a model for similar collections. He is now in the National Archives in Speyer. So Gatterer gained considerable achievements in the universal history and the auxiliary historical sciences.

Family

Gatterer married Helen Barbara Schubert (1728-1806), the daughter of Büttner and Sealer, and had eleven children, including the poet Philippine Engelhard (1756-1831), and Christoph Wilhelm Gatterer, a professor of Kameralwissenschaften, technology and diplomacy in Heidelberg, of the extensive documents collection ( " Gatterer apparatus " ) of his father led, which is owned by the Provincial Archives of Speyer in 1996.

Works

The most important work is the General historical library. by members of the Royal Institute of historical sciences in Göttingen. Edited by J. Ch Gatterer. Vol 1-4, 7-8, 11-16 ( v. 16) in 6 Hall, Gebauer, 1767-71. It is divided into: essays, particularly on histor d. Art; Recensions of historic books, Land Charters, Crests and coins; Historical news and issues. It contains, inter alia, The following contributions, mostly written by himself Gatterer: contributions in writing, to a theory d medals; Random thoughts about the teutsche history; D comparison of old and new historians in respect of Freymüthigkeit; Diplomatic responsum, that dispute over King Henry d Finkler's Tomb, which you want to have recently found in Quedlinburg, concerning which, together with the associated file pieces and drawings.

• Historia Genealogica Dominorum Holzschuherorum From Unteraspach Et Harlach In Thalheim Cet. Patriciae Gentis Tum Tum Apud Norimbergenses In Exteris Etiam Regionibus toga Sagoque Illustris Ex ​​Incorruptis Rerum Gestarum Monimentis Conquisita. Nuremberg 1755.
• Commentatio de Gunzone, Italo, qui saeculo X. obscuro in Germania pariter, atque in Italia eruditionis laude floruit, ad illustrandum huius aevi statum Literarium / Qua orationem de difficultate artis diplomaticae d 29 decembris ARS 1756th inaugurandi cussa habendam rite indicit John Christopher Gatterer. Fleischmann, Norimbergae 1756th
• Oratio de artis diplomaticae difficultate, Quum munus publici professoris capesseret, biduo ante exitum A. 1756 in auditorio publico, quod ad Norimbergae D. Aegidii est habita, nunc vero in usum praelectionum publicarum edita, multisque observationibus locupletata. Fleischmann, Norimbergae 1757th

• Elementa artis diplomaticae universalis. Bd 1 (more not published ). XVI, Vandenhoeck, God Ingae 1765th
• Johann Christoph Gatterer outline of the chronology. Dieterich, Göttingen 1777.
• Commentatio diplomatica de methodological Aetatis codicum manuscriptorum definiendae / Lecta d 18 nov. 1786th In: Commentationes Societatis Scientiarum Regiae Gottingensis antiquiores. 8 1785/86, pp. 85-121.
• Demolition of Universal History by their entire extent of creation of the earth down to our times first half, accompanied by provisional introduction of the history in general and of Universal History insbesonderheit as well as of the previously associated writers. Publisher of the widow Vandenhoeck, Göttingen 1765th
• Johann Christoph Gatterer: Introduction to the synchronistic universal history to explain his synchronistic tables. 2 vols. In publishing the widow Vandenhoeck, Göttingen 1771st
• Johann Christoph Gatterer demolition of heraldry or heraldry. Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe, Nuremberg 1774th
• Johann Christoph Gatterer demolition of genealogy. Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1788.
• Demolition of diplomacy. Cambridge University Press, Göttingen 1798. (Online)
• Johann Christoph Gatterer 's Practical diplomatics: plus 15, gröstentheils engraved in copper plates. Cambridge University Press, Göttingen 1799.
• More news of the new edition of concurrent writers of German history. In: Archives of society for older German History class. 1 (1819 /20), pp. 203-225.

Johann- Christoph- Gatterer Medal

1954 donated the Genealogical - Heraldic Society Göttingen eV ( GHGG ) to commemorate the Göttingen historian and founder of the scientific genealogy this honor. The medal, designed by the Göttingen publisher and heraldist Heinz travel, has since been awarded for academic achievement in the field of genealogy and heraldry in silver and bronze for organizational performance in more than 40 personalities. The award, made ​​earlier by the GHGG after a proposal by a body of experts, carried out since 1995 by the German Association of genealogical 'Associations ( DAGV ), the award is given greater weight. You will be awarded on each of the following on the award decision genealogists tag.

Hall of Fame in Munich

A bust of Johann Christoph Gatterer found installation in the hall of fame in Munich. The bust was destroyed in 1944 and not yet restored or recreated. Today, a plaque recalls.