Joseph Maiden

Joseph Henry Maiden ( born April 25, 1859 in St. John 's Wood in London, UK, † November 16, 1925 in Turramurra in Sydney, New South Wales ) was a British- Australian botanist. His botanical author abbreviation is " Maiden ".

Early years

Joseph Maiden was born in St. John 's Wood, northwest of London, the eldest son of the porcelain dealer and later bookkeeper Henry Maiden and his wife Mary Elizabeth, née Wells. He attended the " City of London Middle Class School " and studied after finishing school science at the University of London, but could not complete his studies due to his ailing health. His doctor advised him to a long sea voyage, which he undertook in 1880 to New South Wales.

Professional life

1881 Maiden was appointed curator of the Museum of Technology in Sydney. This position he filled out to 1896. He was very interested in native plants, and put in the first time in his botanical studies with Rev. William Woolls together. After his first collection of plants in 1882 was destroyed near the Royal Botanic Gardens in the fire of the " Garden Palace ", he built up a new collection. In an exhibition hall in the " outer domain", was behind the Hospital of Sydney, housed This collection formed the basis for his first book, "Useful Native Plants of Australia", which he published in 1899. In it, he also pointed out that he was indebted to the work of Ferdinand von Mueller, with whom he was in contact by correspondence, many of his insights.

In 1890 he was appointed the Ministry of Agriculture for advisory botanist and 1894 for Superintendent of Technical Education. 1896 Maiden was named "Government Botanist " and appointed as successor to Charles Moore, one of his botanical mentor, the director of the Royal Botanic Gardens in Sydney. He immediately began with the creation of the first herbarium of the colony, a museum, a library and the first children's playground of Sydney.

Maiden became the recognized capacity for acacia and eucalyptus trees. His other interests included the reduction of sand erosion - which he campaigned for the acacia cultivation for Gebereiindustrie - and the commercial cultivation of cacti.

Social commitment

Maiden was Secretary General of " ( Royal) Geographic Society of Australasia ", lectured in agricultural botany and forestry at the University of Sydney and was administrator of the "Rockwood Church of England Cemetery ". He has held offices in the " Royal and Linnean Societies of New South Wales ," the " ( Royal) Australian Historical Society ," the " Wattle Day League," the " Horicultural Society and Horticultural Association ", the " Field Naturalists ' Society " the " Town Planning Association of New South Wales " and the " Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science".

Later years

Joseph Maiden was retired in 1924 and died on November 16, 1925 in Turramurra in Sydney.

Publications

1892 published the Maiden "Bibliography of Australian Economic Botany ". In 1895 he brought out Volume I of "The Flowering Plants and Ferns of New South Wales ", published by the other in the same and subsequent years volumes. Another important work, the " Forest Flora of New South Wales ", was published in parts 1904-1924 and his " Illustrations of New South Wales Plants" published since published in 1907. 1909 Maiden " Sir Joseph Banks, the " Father of Australia ' ". 1916 appeared to be written together with Ernst Betche book "A Census of New South Wales Plants" and in 1920 the first part of "The Weeds of New South Wales ".

Maiden published about 45 writings and his eight -volume work A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus was over 50 years as the standard work. He published descriptions of many species and collected type material of many more.

Honors

Acacia and Eucalyptus maidenii maidenii was named after Joseph Maiden. Even he was in 1916 appointed a member of the " Imperial Service Order." In 1924 he was awarded the Clarke Medal of the " Royal Society of New South Wales " for his outstanding achievements in botany.

Works (selection)

  • The useful native plants of Australia. Sydney 1889 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.12190
  • Wattles and wattle - barks, being hints on the conservation and cultivation of wattles, together with particulars of Their value. 2nd edition, Sydney 1891 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.25481
  • Notes on the commercial timbers of New South Wales. Sydney 1895 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.54846
  • A manual of the grasses of New South Wales. Sydney 1898 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.29072 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.53676 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.15648
  • A critical revision of the genus Eucalyptus. Sydney 1903 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.46291
  • Forestry: some practical notes on forestry suitable for New South Wales. Sydney 1908 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.19540
  • Forestry handbook. Sydney 1915 - 1917 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.55253 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.21743
  • The flora of the Northern Territory. Melbourne 1917 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.55251
  • The botany of the Kimberleys, North West Australia. Perth 1918 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.55184
  • The food of Australian birds. An investigation into the character of the stomach and crop contents. Sydney 1918 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.26676
  • The weeds of New South Wales. Sydney 1920 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.18930

Swell

  • Norman Hall: Botanists of the Eucalypts. CSIRO, Melbourne, 1978, ISBN 0-643-00271-5
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