Julbach, Austria

Julbach is a municipality in the district of Rohrbach in Upper Austria in the upper Upper Austria with 1571 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2013). The municipality is located in the judicial district of Rohrbach.

• 3.1 municipal
• 3.2 Mayor
• 3.4 Coat of Arms

• 4.1 Population structure
• 4.2 Demographics

Geography

Julbach situated at an altitude of 588 m above sea level. A. in the northwestern part of the district of Rohrbach in Upper Austria upper. Based on the nature conservation space planning the entire municipality is part of the Southern Bohemian Forest foothills. The extension is 7.2 km from north to south, from west to east 7.7 kilometers, the total area covers 21.77 km ². Julbach is thus in terms of area in the upper middle of the municipalities of the district of Rohrbach. With 72 inhabitants per km ², the municipality was in 2013 in the upper third of the municipalities of the district. While the capital of the province is located at about 600 meters, the other villages in the municipality distribute up to 700 meters above sea level. The highest resignation, the club mountain, located 843 meters south of the municipal area. In 2001, the municipality was 31 percent forested, 64 percent of the area is used for agriculture. In comparison with the state of Upper Austria Julbach is slightly less forested than the national average (Upper Austria: 38.3 percent ) or essentially consists more agricultural area ( Upper Austria: 49.3 percent). The proportion of other uses ( construction areas, gardens, waters and other ) is around 5 percent, well behind the Upper Austrian average of 13.8 percent. Neighboring municipalities are Ulrich mountain in the north, Peilstein in Upper Austria in the east and mountain fog in the south. In the West, the state border runs to Germany, where Julbach borders the district of Passau.

Geology and soil

The landscape of the municipality is part of the Bohemian Massif which goes back to a very old mountain range that was created by the Variscan orogeny in the Paleozoic ( Carboniferous). After the strong erosion of the former high mountains, it came during the alpidic orogeny in the Tertiary repealing the crystalline basement to several 100 meters, which fractures and faults formed. Subsequently, it came in the Tertiary and Quaternary deposition of sediments. As dominant rocks are found in the municipality of older granites. He is one of the first solidified during the folding mountain magma series, has a typical coarseness and causes a restless landscape character with a rapid change of local maxima and minima. In the municipality prevails siliceous brown earth the forms on granites and gneisses as soil type before. The light to very light soils are generally poor in nutrients in their quality and in their use of the depth and the water supply dependent. The soil is generally loamy sand or sandy loam, humus form dominates in dry locations Moder, Mull otherwise. In addition, in the valley of the Little Muehl gley soils occur, which also occur in the range of Quellvernässungen, ditches, depressions and on slopes feet. Podzol is in the valley of the brook, and Finster in the valley of the Little Muehl south of the village Julbach.

Landscape and vegetation

Julbach is located at the junction of the Bohemian Forest in the open landscape and is characterized by flat, only the Bohemian Forest main ridge towards more pronounced central mountain forms. The valley of the Little Muehl cuts through the town in a northwest-southeast direction, whereby the landscape is divided into two sub-region. Thus we find in Westn and East stages a Rain landscape with numerous tail fragments, which is broken by the Talbodenlandschaft the Little Muehl with extensively used wet meadows. The stages Rain landscape is primarily characterized by agriculture, but forms with many landscape features a structured agricultural landscape. There are here larger forest areas, especially in tip layers, the forests have partially mixed stocks, while there are pure coniferous forests at higher elevations. In agriculture dominates the intensive grassland management, partly also exists farmland. The area of ​​the valley area of the Little Muehl includes the densely built- valley area and the accompanying surveys. Just as is in the rest of the municipality here mostly intensively used grassland and little arable land, which has received extensive nature conservation significant grassland in the valley landscape of the Little Muehl. The forest cover in this area are closed to the north, northeast penetrate edges of large forest areas, where predominantly coniferous forest is composed. In addition, a variety of micro- forest land comes with predominantly deciduous trees found in this area.

Community structure

Quarters are Bräuerau, Hinterschiffl, Hochkraml, Julbach, War Forest, Innerleithen, Niederkraml, Oberthier Grub, Präuer, Sagberg, Unterthiergrub, Vorderschiffl, Front shock.

History

Originally in the eastern part of the Duchy of Bavaria lying, was the place since the 12th century the Duchy of Austria. Since 1490 he is the Principality ' Austria above the Enns ' attributed. During the Napoleonic Wars, the place was occupied several times. Since 1918, the town belongs to the province of Upper Austria. After the annexation of Austria to the German Reich on 13 March 1938, the town belonged to the " Upper Danube ". After 1945 the restoration of Upper Austria.

Julbach was in 1850 part of the judicial district of Aigen. 2003, the district court Aigen was dissolved and assigned the community the jurisdiction Rohrbach.

Policy

Parish council

The Parish Council, the supreme body of the municipality comprises 19 seats and is elected every six years, Upper Austria on municipal elections in the course. The parish council consists of five members, with the Social Democratic Party of Austria ( SPÖ) is represented by the local council elections in 2009, with the mayor, the deputy mayor and another member of the parish council, and thus in this body represents the absolute majority. The Austrian People's Party (ÖVP ) appointed two members.

Strongest faction in the council of Julbach has long been the ÖVP, the local council elections in the absolute majority of votes and reached majority mandate 1945-1991. Your best election result had the ÖVP in 1945 with 76.3 percent, in the sequence they came on to 1979 on results from 56.7 to 71.8 percent. After the People's Party in 1979 could still reach 71.4 percent, they consequently lost successive votes shares. In 1997, the ÖVP slipped below 50 percent for the first time, but was able to hold the first place yet. In 2003, she was overtaken with only 43.7 percent and its been the worst result of the SPÖ. The SPÖ was 1945-1973 on results from 15.9 to 37.6 percent, while she was with one exception, always the second largest party in the municipal council. After the SPÖ had in 1979 reached 28.6 percent, they could gradually increase as a result from election to election. In 1985, she jumped over the 30 percent mark, 1997, she first came over 40 percent. 2003 could replace the SPÖ, the ÖVP with 52.2 as the strongest party vote and obtain an absolute majority. The Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ ) entered 1949 as VdU and was able to overtake with 23.6 percent of the SPÖ. However Danacj they did not stand in the community until the 1980s. In 1985, she narrowly failed at the entrance into the council, who succeeded in 1991. 2003 flew the FPÖ short again from the local council. Overall, the FPÖ was 1985-2009 to 4.1 to 7.7 percent. In the last local elections of 2009, the SPÖ won first place with 46.3 percent, or nine mandates keep just ahead of the ÖVP, which came to 46.1 percent, or also mandates nine. The Freedom Party scored 7.7 percent and a mandate.

Mayor

The Mayor is determined since 1997 in a direct line, where there will be a runoff election for a candidate with no absolute majority. The first direct election was Adolf f salt Inger (SPO ) to decide for itself where he was able to win on the first ballot with 53.6 percent against the candidate of the People's Party. Salt Inger has named thus for the first SPÖ Mayor of the municipality. Salt Inger could also prevail in 2003 with 64.8 and 51.9 per cent in 2009 on the first ballot.

Mayor since 1850:

The ÖVP dominated As with municipal elections and in state elections in the community. With the exception of 2003, the ÖVP always was able to obtain an absolute majority of votes. Your best result so far was the ÖVP in 1945 with 76.3 percent, its worst so far in 2003 with 46.7 percent. The SPÖ came on results between 15.8 percent and 43.6 percent, where it recorded its worst result in the municipality in 1949 since 1945. Since 1973, the SPÖ achieved in state elections at least 28 percent, in 2003 they came up with 43.6 percent to its best result. The FPÖ 's predecessor party VdU scored in the community from 1949 to 1995 18 and 14 percent, then the FPÖ did not come for a long time beyond three percent. In 1991, she was with 7.3 percent for the first time recorded a noteworthy result for himself, in 1997, it achieved 12.0 percent. After a setback to 4.8 percent in 2003, the FPÖ rebounded off again. At the last state election in 2009, the ÖVP came with 50.4 percent, and its second lowest result so far in the first place. The SPÖ only came to 30.1 percent, had about 14 percent of their share of the vote exits. The FPÖ reached 12.4 percent, its best result, the Greens came to only 3.7 percent.

Coat of arms

The community Niederkappel with certain Resolution by the Council on 25 September 1971, the design of the coat of arms municipality and the municipality of colors (blue and white ). The coat of arms was granted in the following resolution passed by the Upper Austrian Provincial Government of 15 November 1971 and approved by the municipality colors. The blazon of the arms is: "Divided; Top in Silver side by side two black, achtspeichige wheels; below in blue a golden, loaded Kelheimer. " Here, the coat of arms refers to the history of the community. The achtspeichigen wheels symbolize the already known in early times trade route carried by the berths of ships on the Danube about today's municipality particular salt to Bohemia. The ship is standing next to this transport also for the place name " front and Hinterschiffl " or " Schifflberg ". It was designed by Johann Kraml from Julbach.

Population

Population structure

2013 lived in the community Julbach 1,571 people, which Julbach was in the upper third of the 42 municipalities of the district. End of 2001, 98.0 percent of the population Austrian citizens (Upper Austria 92.8 percent, 96.9 percent Rohrbach district ) until the beginning of 2013 Upper Austria the figure rose to 97.7 percent ( 91.1 percent, 96.9 Rohrbach District percent). Overall, only 36 foreigners were counted in 2013 in the community who came to more than 90 percent of the EU countries. A total of 102 community residents were born abroad. (Upper Austria: 79.4 percent) to the Roman Catholic Church in 2001, 96.9 percent of residents known, 1.6 percent had no religious affiliation, 0.6 percent Protestant.

The average age of the municipality 's population in 2001 was approximately the national average. 19.0 percent of the population of Julbach were younger than 15 years ( Upper Austria: 18.8 percent ), 60.3 percent from 15 to 59 years old (Upper Austria: 61.6 percent). The percentage of residents over 59 stood at 20.7 percent, just above the national average of 20.2 percent. The average age of the population of Julbach changed in the sequence, especially in the first two segments. The proportion of under-15s fell by 1 January 2013 to 13.3 percent, while the share of people between 15 and 59 years to 70.1 percent, considerably increased. The proportion of 59 -year-old, however, dropped to 16.7 percent. After the family as of 2001, 48.1 percent of the population of Julbach were single, 43.3 percent married, widowed, divorced and 7.0 percent 1.6 percent.

Demographics

Culture and sights

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the town:

• Erwin Reiter ( born 1933 ) Austrian sculptor, emeritus. Professor of the School of Design, Linz ( OÖ. )