Niederkappel

Niederkappel is a municipality in the district of Rohrbach in Upper Austria in the upper Upper Austria with 972 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2013). The municipality is located in the judicial district of Rohrbach.

• 3.1 Population structure
• 3.2 Demographics

• 4.1 municipal
• 4.2 Mayor
• 4.4 Coat of Arms

Geography

Oberkappel situated at an altitude of 549 m above sea level. A. the southern edge of the district of Rohrbach in Upper Austria upper. Based on the nature conservation space planning the municipality belongs mainly in the indoor unit Zentralmühlviertler highlands, the southern section, however, in the indoor unit Zentralmühlviertler Highlands. The expansion is 6.2 kilometers from north to south, from west to east 6.3 kilometers, the total area comprises 22.42 km ². Niederkappel is thus imoberen middle of the municipalities of the district. Mit43 inhabitants per km ² was Niederkappel 2013, the municipality with the sixth- lowest population density in the district. The municipality covers an average altitude between 500 and 600 meters, in 2001 29.8 percent of the municipal area were forested, 59.6 percent of the area is used for agriculture. In comparison with the state of Upper Austria Niederkappel is thus less forested than the national average (Upper Austria: 38.3 percent ) and is more agricultural area ( Upper Austria: 49.3 percent). The proportion of other uses ( construction areas, gardens, waters and other ) is 10.6 percent, well behind the Upper Austrian average of 13.8 percent. Neighboring municipalities are Hofkirchen Mühlkreisautobahn in the southwest, Putzleinsdorf in the west and northwest, Lembach Mühlkreisautobahn in the northeast, Altenfelden the east and Kirchberg whether the Donauim southeast. In the south of the county line runs to the district Eferding where Niederkappel borders the municipality Haibach ob der Donau.

Geology and soil

The landscape of the municipality is part of the Bohemian Massif which goes back to a very ancient mountain range that was created by the Variscan orogeny in the Paleozoic ( Carboniferous). After the strong erosion of the former high mountains, it came during the alpidic orogeny in the Tertiary repealing the crystalline basement to several 100 meters, which fractures and faults formed. Subsequently, it came in the Tertiary and Quaternary deposition of sediments. The dominant soil type in the municipality is brown siliceous earth. Exist depending on the hillside medium to deep, mature soils that are poor in nutrients but due to their balanced water budget shall be deemed to secure earnings. In waterlogging, wet meadows or along streams, there is also Gley suitable for grassland management, also occur in higher Podsolierungserscheinungen on forest plateau documents.

Landscape and vegetation

The majority of the municipal area is accounted for by a knoll in relief country with varying features of landscape elements, the area mainly falls back slowly from northwest to southeast and is structured by numerous peaks and troughs. It is an agriculturally more or less intensively embossed area of medium altitudes, where also smaller and larger forest areas are scattered throughout the territory. For the most part, these are heavily influenced by forestry pure spruce stands, to a lesser extent, to deciduous trees rich patches (especially beech). In agriculture dominated mixed arable and grassland management with easy grassland focus. In the south of the municipality are the wooded Danube attachments that are dominated by semi-natural, steep slope forests. For the most part it is natural oak-hornbeam forests, are made on the upper slopes partly spruce dominated stands. The area is largely protected as a Natura 2000 site. A settlement is only in the narrow valley of the Danube. On the eastern border of the township, the Small Muehl, who has trained here steep slopes and ravine forests without colonization is. In the southern part of the area consist of spruce - fir - beech forests, and in the ravine forest areas of ash, sycamore and elm as well as in the deeper layers also occur oak and hornbeam. The north is characterized by intensified forestry spruce here. Total of particular nature conservation importance are the natural slope forests of the Danube valley, which were able endangered species and societies hold as green lizards and abundant sessile oak -hornbeam forests here.

Community structure

Quarters are Amersdorf, village, Grafenau, hair, Kaindl village, Klotzing, Lampersdorf, Niederbumberg, Niederkappel, Oberbumberg, Roman village, Raiden, Rumer village, Weikersdorf and Witzersdorf.

History

Originally in the eastern part of the Duchy of Bavaria lying, was the place since the 12th century the Duchy of Austria. Since 1490 he is the Principality ' Austria above the Enns ' attributed. During the Napoleonic Wars, the place was occupied several times. Since 1918, the town belongs to the province of Upper Austria. After the annexation of Austria to the German Reich on 13 March 1938, the town belonged to the " Upper Danube ". After 1945 the restoration of Upper Austria. By the end of 2002, the village belonged to the district court Lembach, as of 1 January 2003 the municipality was assigned to the judicial district of Rohrbach.

Population

Population structure

2013 lived in the community Kleinzell 972 people, which Niederkappel was in the lower middle of the 42 municipalities of the district. End of 2001, 97.3 percent of the population Austrian citizens (Upper Austria 92.8 percent, 96.9 percent Rohrbach district ) until the beginning of 2013 Upper Austria the figure rose to 99.6 percent ( 91.1 percent, 96.9 Rohrbach District percent). Overall, only four foreigners were counted in 2013 in the community who all came from EU countries. A total of 15 community residents were born abroad. (Upper Austria: 79.4 percent) to the Roman Catholic Church in 2001, 96.2 percent of residents known, 1.0 percent had no religious affiliation, 1.7 percent and 0.2 percent Protestant Islamic faith.

The average age of the municipality 's population in 2001 was approximately the national average. 19.1 percent of the population of small cell were younger than 15 years ( Upper Austria: 18.8 percent ), 61.9 percent from 15 to 59 years old (Upper Austria: 61.6 percent). The percentage of residents over 59 stood at 19.1 percent, just under the national average of 20.2 percent. The average age of the population of Niederkappel changed in the sequence, especially in the first two segments. The proportion of under-15s fell by 1 January 2013 to 15.2 percent, while the share of people between 15 and 59 years widowed and divorced 6.8 percent 1.8 percent.

Demographics

The population development in the field of community Niederkappel was compared with the population development of the district Rohrbach far below the average 1869-2013. Compared with the state of Upper Austria, the population development was less pronounced. Overall, the church lost 1869-2013 32 percent of its population. First, the population fluctuated between 1869 and Hertzian 1961 in a relatively narrow band between 1,250 and 1,450 inhabitants, with 1,445 residents in 1934, the previous high was recorded. Since 1951, the population from a low level declined gradually. The population growth was marked in recent decades from a high birth surplus, coupled with an even higher churn.

Policy

Parish council

The council, the supreme body of the municipality includes 13 seats and is elected every six years Upper Austria on municipal elections in the course. The parish council is composed of three members, with the Austrian People's Party ( ÖVP) is represented by the local council elections in 2009, with the mayor and the deputy mayor in the parish council, and thus in this body represents the absolute majority. The Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ ) sends another members.

Strongest faction in the council of Niederwaldkirchen has always been the ÖVP, which in the period since 1945 is always the absolute majority of votes and mandate achieved or mostly even had a two-thirds majority. In 1985, the People's Party with 80.3 percent to its best result, in 2009, it recorded 62.8 percent its worst result. The second strongest party in the municipal council of Niederkappel was always to 1997 the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ ), which came on results from 12.5 to 28.9 percent since 1945. The SPÖ always over 20 per cent share of the vote completed at municipal elections to the Mitter -1980s, before in 1985 for the first time fell below 20 percent. The Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ ) entered first time in 1991 in the community and was able in 1997 to overtake the SPÖ. After it had fallen to 8.9 percent in 2003, it was able to achieve in 2009 with 24.7 percent of its best result. The FPÖ also achieved in Niederkappel 2009, the best result in the district of Rohrbach. In the last local elections of 2009, the ÖVP reached 62.8 percent, or nine seats, the FPÖ came to 24.7 percent, or three seats and the Social Democratic Party reached 12.5 percent and a mandate.

Mayor

The Mayor is determined since 1997 in a direct line, where there will be a runoff election for a candidate with no absolute majority. The first direct election was the incumbent mayor since 1995, Rudolf Kehrer (ÖVP ) decide with 90.0 percent for itself. In 2003 and 2009 Kehrer was re-elected with 80.8 and 78.6 percent. Opposition candidates were among the three choices in each case no.

Mayor since 1850:

The ÖVP dominates As with municipal elections and in state elections in the community. Until 2003, the VÖP could always achieve a two-thirds majority, with the exception of a choice, whilst 80.1 per cent achieved their best result so far in 1985. Since then, however, the ÖVP lost successive votes shares. The second strongest party was in state elections until 1991, always the SPÖ, the election results from 10.9 to 27.6 percent was recorded for itself. Your best result, the SPÖ had it in 1949, its worst in 1979. FPÖ came into the community until 1985, not more than 3.1 percent addition. Only with the 1991 election, the FPÖ was able to achieve a nominal value result with 10.9 percent. In 1997, the FPÖ was able to overtake the first SPÖ, 2003, she crashed to 6.4 percent. In 2009, she was able to achieve the best result with 18.5 percent. At the last state election in 2009, the ÖVP came with 62.9 percent and its lowest result so far in the first place. The SPÖ only came to 11.2 percent, had about 13 percent of their share of the vote exits. The FPÖ reached 18.5 percent, its best result, the Greens came to 4.3 percent.

Coat of arms

The community Niederkappel with certain Resolution by the Council on 16 February 1982, the design of the coat of arms municipality and the municipality of colors ( red, white and blue). The coat of arms was granted in the following resolution passed by the Upper Austrian Provincial Government of 19 April 1982 and approved by the municipality colors. The blazon of the arms is: " Argent, a red, abutting St. Andrew's Cross, whose oblique Links bar is topped with three silver, six-pointed stars; in the sign of a blue, a blue wave rod bars excessive wave bar. " Here, the coat of arms refers to the history, the religion and the location of the community. The slanted cross symbolizes the Andreas patronage of the parish Niederkappel, while the three Silver Stars remember the oblique beams to the Lords of Rödern who were in the 17th century in the possession of the little castle Kapell. The blue waves in the sign stand again for the municipality in the south and east bounding rivers Danube and Small Muehl.

Culture and sights

• Rudolf Kirchschläger center (museum): a permanent exhibition presents the life and work of man and politician Rudolf Kirchschläger, who was born in Niederkappel ( Grafenau )
• Mühlviertler Cathedral: The Gothic church from the years 1404-1411 was too small in the 19th century. It was rebuilt from 1890-1895 in neo-Renaissance style and enlarged - the largest church hall Mühlviertel.

Personalities

Sons and daughters

• Rudolf Kirchschläger (1915-2000), judges, politicians, Austrian Federal President 1974-1986