Juscelino Kubitschek
Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira ( born September 12, 1902 in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, † August 22 1976 in Resende, Rio de Janeiro ) was from 1956 to 1961 President of Brazil. The name Kubitschek is the German spelling of the name of his mother Julia Kubíček ( 1872-1971 ). Kubitschek was until today (2013 ) the world's only President in the world, of which it is known that he had Roma ancestors.
Will
Kubitschek studied at the University of Minas Gerais medicine and was after his graduation worked in hospitals in Paris, Vienna, Berlin and Brazil. In 1933 he was elected to the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. After a coup in 1937 and the establishment of the Estado Novo by Getúlio Vargas Dornelles Kubitschek lost his seat in 1939 he became mayor of Belo Horizonte, capital of Minas Gerais. From 1946 to 1950 he was again deputy and then to 1955 governor of Minas Gerais.
Presidency
On 3 October 1955 he was elected as a candidate of a center- left coalition with the slogan "Fifty years of progress in five years," with 36 percent of the vote as President of Brazil. On 31 January 1956 he was sworn in as President of the Federative Republic of Brazil.
His five-year presidency was in fact marked by progress. His biggest project was the creation of Brasília, the new capital in the hitherto deserted center of the country. It was inaugurated on 21 April 1960. Even major road projects have been completed and the automotive industry in Brazil was founded during the presidency Kubitscheks. There was an economic boom. However, this was slowed down considerably by the fall in coffee prices on the world market the mid and late 1950s. Under Kubitscheks presidency, the national debt of Brazil grew to four billion U.S. dollars. Kubitscheks was succeeded in 1961, the Populist Jânio Quadros.
Exile, return, death
When the military coup in 1964 at the power Kubitschek any political commitment was prohibited. He went into exile and lived in several cities in Europe and the United States. In 1967 he returned to Brazil while back, but was on the destiny of his country no longer controls. On August 22, 1976 Kubitschek was killed in a traffic accident under mysterious circumstances so far lost their lives. The Brazilian Truth Commission, around 35 years later, the case took on himself, came in 2013 to the conclusion that it had not been for an accident, but the result of a conspiracy. According to Gilberto Natalini, Chairperson of the Commission investigation group existed " no doubt " in a conspiracy against Kubitschek. More likely client was the former military regime. A 1996 become known letter of 1975 suggests that the Chilean secret police, DINA was involved in the accident. In the letter, whose chief Manuel Contreras invites the Head of the Brazilian Intelligence SNI, João Figueiredo, to ensure that neither Kubitschek nor the Chilean diplomat and politician Orlando Letelier returned to political life. Letelier was assassinated in September 1976, one month after Kubitscheks death, by agents of the DINA.
Aftereffect
Thirty years later, the directors Denis Carvalho, Vinicius Coimbra and Amora Mautner Kubitscheks prepared for Biography on Brazilian television. In the miniseries JK (2006 ) José Wilker plays the Brazilian president, while his wife Sarah is portrayed by actress Marilia Pera.
In his honor, the Juscelino Kubitschek Bridge and the airport in the capital Brasília Brasília and the power plant at the dam Irapé his name. Also in Brasília is the JK Memorial dedicated to him, which was designed by Oscar Niemeyer.