Kara-Khitan Khanate

The Kara - Kitai and Kara- Khitai (DMG Qara - Ḫitai ) were a dynasty which (about today's Xinjiang ) founded an empire in Central Asia and the era of 1128-1218 significantly co until their kingdom was conquered by Genghis Khan.

History

The Kara - (ie blacks ) Kitai descended from the Khitan nomads, who had formed the Liao Empire in north-east China and Mongolia 907-1125. After the destruction of this kingdom by the Jurchen in 1125 a part of the tribes were driven westward, where they re- formed themselves as Kara - Kitai. Some historians therefore denote the Kara- Kitai - rule as a "Western Liao " (Xi Liao ) and the period to 1125 in Northeast China in contrast, as " Northern Liao ".

They were first of the eastern Qarakhanid called ( ie "Black Chane " ) against nomadic insurgents to help, but soon even the Qarakhanid defeated and occupied large parts of Kashgar and the Seven Rivers country. Under Chan Yelü Dashi ( Yel - Lü - tashih, reg. 1124-1143 ) was the founding of a new empire in the Seven Rivers country, with the administration of nomads and farmers were strictly separated. Capital was Balasagun in today's Kyrgyzstan.

When she got in 1137 to attacks on the western Qarakhanid in Transoxiana, this soon led to the collision with the Seljuks. These were in 1141 severely beaten by the Kara- Kitai in the Katwansteppe. It recognized both the Khorezm Shah as well as the (at this point no longer relevant ) Qarakhanid in Transoxiana to the suzerainty of the Kara- Kitai.

After the height of the empire in the mid- 12th century it came towards the end of the century battles with the Choresmiern who had freed themselves from the suzerainty of the Kara- Kitai and were able to conquer Transoxiana after riots in the cities. 1210, the Kara- Kitai were defeated by the Choresmiern, whereupon the popular at the court Naimanenprinz Kütschlüg his father, Chan Yelü Zhilugu (reigned 1178-1211 ) presented in a series of army revolts under house arrest.

Kütschlüg was able to hold until 1218, before the people of his kingdom because of his actions against the local tribes and his persecution of Muslims in Kashgar and Khotan (he was a Buddhism gone over Nestorians ) voluntarily submitted the advancing Mongols, and he killed on the run been. With Genghis Khan whom he had a long-standing rivalry, as he opposes the expansion, before he had to flee to the Kara- Kitai.

The Kara - Kitai existed at the edge of the other dominions but possibly to the 14th century on, as the Chagatai Khanate conquered Timur of Samarkand.