Karl Christian Friedrich Krause

Karl Christian Friedrich Krause ( born May 6, 1781 Eisenberg, † September 27, 1832 in Munich) was a German author and philosopher.

He is the namesake of the so-called Krausismo, which was important for the reconstruction of state institutions, especially in the 19th century Spain.

Krause left a broad business to science, art and social formations.

Life

He received his first lessons from his father, who was a teacher and later a pastor in Nobitz. After attending schools in Eisenberg, Donndorf (from 1794) and Altenburg, he went in 1797 to the University of Jena, where he studied philosophy and mathematics. He heard there also lectures by Fichte and Schelling. He created a transcript that was found only in 1980 and subsequently published by Fichte's lecture " Science Teaching nova methodo " in the winter semester 1798/99. 1801 carried the Doctor of Philosophy, also Krause puts the theological candidates exam. In the spring of 1802, he qualified as a lecturer in Jena and continued until mid- 1804 lectures on logic, natural law, mathematics, natural philosophy and the whole system of philosophy. Respect of all these sciences, he was at that time out textbooks. Already at that time showed the peculiarity of his system.

1804 Krause went to Rudolstadt, broke there with his university career and retired to private studies, one year later, the move was made to Dresden, where he was introduced on the trip there in Altenburg from a friend in the Masonic Lodge " Archimedes to the three drawing boards ". In the same year he was "One of the three swords " affiliated in Dresden from the lodge. In Dresden he gave private lessons and had in 1809 a teaching job for cartography, geography and German held at the Engineering Academy. Due to its negative attitude towards the secrecy of the Freemasons were held in October 1810 print multiple Grand Lodges to the exclusion from the lodge. 1813 Krause left the city and moved to Berlin in the hope of being able to teach at there newly established University of Berlin. Despite the support of Fichte him, however, this possibility was denied. So he taught as a lecturer in philosophy and mathematics, and was co-founder of the existing until about 1880 Berlinischen German Language Society, the first devoted himself to the language purism. Without teaching at the University, he returned to Dresden in 1815 and broke in 1817 on a journey through Germany, Italy and France, studied art. In addition, he continued to work on his system and its configuration. In 1823 he left Dresden and habilitated in March 1824 as a lecturer in Göttingen, where he held from 1823 to 1830 lectures and the concept of panentheism coined. 1831 Krause decided to go to Munich, where Schelling allegedly prevented his admission to the University. The following year he died of a stroke and was buried largely solitary.

On May 6, 1881, donated by Freemasons monument was in his hometown of Eisenberg occasion of his 100th birthday inaugurated, a sandstone obelisk with the inscription " The love wins the day "; his former Dresden lodge had revoked his forced exclusion in the same year. The City Council decided in 1902 that the former street will be renamed the castle garden in Krause place.

Teaching

Krause described his philosophy as a theory of essence. From my own point of view, in his system to a " logical evolutionary innovation of philosophy." As part of the development of mankind this rich over all previous efforts of the history of philosophy also. Krause sought not only to revolutionize the theory of knowledge, logic, mathematics, and philosophy of language, he also believed in all previous systems deficiencies, one-sided and dangerous social implications for the development of the companies to be able to prove by that derived from the divine essentiality archetypes compared with the pragmatic and empirical social formations and sample images allows for a peaceful development of the story.

As part of his philosophy is his discussion of the systems of Kant and Hegel, whom he criticized in detail, therefore of particular importance. He developed a theory of knowledge, which specified the epistemology of Kant, whose categories relativized and in particular contains a "Guide to the knowledge of the absolute and infinite reason being ," which is sometimes referred to as " essentialist turn". Under the assumption that the reader succeed this knowledge, broad basic science before him the absolute and infinite categories from the divine essentiality, which constitutes the constitutive and regulative principles to explain any findings. These categories understands Krause as a new beginning of philosophy.

Krause will, overcome the fundamentals of logic of his time as well as those of Hegel's content logic that is also fundamental in Marxism in a new " synthetic logic " with which should also result in the natural sciences fundamental changes his opinion.

Krause said that his basic science is constitutive but also for the redesign and completion of all other sciences and arts. The work directory Krause shows which areas he believed to make this yourself: ethics, aesthetics, sociology (plans allharmonischer social formations, archetype of humanity and mankind Confederation), philosophy of language, with new aspects of pragmatics, semantics and syntactic, philosophy of law with the development of new human rights categories, a new theory of the state, ground plans of a European federation and a global confederation of the earth, Philosophy of Religion ( panentheism ), Evolution of social systems theory, criticism, history of philosophy and natural philosophy.

In Germany Krause was only slightly influential. However, his influence was in the Romanesque, especially in Spanish-speaking cultural area larger ( as a name for the Krausismo ), where Krause - whose work, which mediated the basic ideas of German Idealism, was translated into French by his pupil Ahrens ( eg " Cours de philosophie " in 1836 and 1838) - in the 19th century at times was considered the greatest German philosopher. He developed a concept of humanity Federal and issued his own magazine " day sheet of human life " (1811 ). In particular, in the paper " archetype of humanity" ( 1811) Krause has propagated his ideas.

Works

In addition, there are numerous publications from the handwritten estate. A treatment of the material is in Krause Digital Research Project ( see links). The 468 volumes and capsules comprehensive written estate Krause is in the Saxon State Library - kept State and University Library Dresden.