Kassandreia

Kassandreia (Greek Κασσάνδρεια ( f sg ), pronounced KASSANDRIA; older term Valta Βάλτα, alternative transcription Kassandreia; Latin Cassandreia ) is a Greek village on the Kassandra peninsula ( ancient name: Pallene or Pallini ) in the administrative region of Central Macedonia. It is the largest town on the peninsula of Kassandra and the municipality of Kassandra, whose headquarters it is. Its name was taken from the ancient city ( polis ) Kassandreia.

The city was founded in 316 BC by the Diadochenkönig Cassander on the territory of the former city Potidaia (now Nea Potidea ) at the isthmus of the peninsula of Kassandra. The population of this new foundation was largely provided by the inhabitants of the former Potidaias and Philip II of 348 BC destroyed Olynthus. At the time of Hellenism Kassandreia was one of the most important cities of Macedonia. During the Roman period the city had the status of a Roman colony after Italic law ( ius italicum ) and was thus largely freed of charges. Since Augustus it was called Colonia Iulia Augusta Cassandrensis. 539/40 Kassandreia was now part of the Eastern Roman Empire, conquered and destroyed by the Slavs. After the destruction Kassandreia remained with the Byzantine Empire to the 10th century. Conquest of the Bulgarian Tsar also brought Kassandreia under Bulgarian rule. With the defeat of the Bulgarian Tsar Kassandreia again fell to the Byzantine Empire. 1204 Kassandreia after the fall of Constantinople in the Fourth Crusade Opel part of the Kingdom of Thessalonica, a crusader state. Its hegemony ended in 1224 with the conquest by the Despotate of Epirus. In the 1240er years the Byzantine successor state of the Empire of Nicaea finally succeeded in the conquest of Halkidiki and in 1246 the conquest of Thessaloniki. Beginning of the 14th century, the Catalan company settled briefly in Kassandra and thus Kassandreia down before they moved further in the direction Duchy of Athens and Kassandreia again fell to the Byzantine Empire. In the mid-14th century the Serbian King Stefan Uros IV Dusan could briefly gain control over Kassandreia; after his death in 1355 and the subsequent disintegration of the Great Serbian Empire Kassandreia fell back to the Byzantine Empire. In 1389 the Ottoman Empire conquered Thessaloniki and its hinterland including Kassandreia. 1392 regained control over it by the Byzantine Empire, whose reign was to last only 30 years. 1423 fell Kassandreia with the entire peninsula of Kassandra and the city of Thessaloniki to Venice, which should both Thessaloniki and Kassandra defend against the Ottoman Empire. With the fall of Thessaloniki in 1430, the Kassandra peninsula and the territory of the present town Kassandreia was conquered by Ottoman forces and incorporated into the Ottoman Empire.

The re-founding of Kassandreia was in the 16th century under the name Valta. In 1821, the Greek insurgents retreated after the defeat against the Ottoman army before Thessaloniki to Kassandreia back. In November 1821 the Ottoman army succeeded in exceeding the channel of Potidea and following the conquest of Kassandreia and other localities. The rebels and residents fled to parts to Central Greece and the Sporades. The village was completely destroyed during or after the conquest by the Ottoman troops.

With the Greek local government reform Schedio Kapodistrias the independent community Kassandreia was dissolved in 1997 and connected as a district of the newly created municipality of Kassandra in addition to other previously independent municipalities. With the merger of the municipalities Kassandra Pallini and in 2010 it became a municipal community ( gr Dimotiki kinotita δημοτική κοινότητα ) in the municipality of Kassandra is composed of five villages and settlements, including one listed as municipal jail ( population figures according to Census 2011):

• Local community ( village ) Kassandreia - Δ.κ. Κασσανδρείας - 3,613 inhabitants

• Kassandreia - Κασσάνδρεια - 2,775 inhabitants
• Elani - Ελάνη - 56 inhabitants
• Sani - Σανή - 503 inhabitants
• Siviri - Σίβηρη - 279 inhabitants
• Prison Xenofondos - Φυλακές Ξενοφώντος - 0 inhabitants

In the settlement Kassandreia are a health center, a branch of the Greek telephone company OTE, banks, 2 primary schools, 2 kindergartens, a gymnasium and 2 Lycia, one of which has a technical orientation.

In the area of Kassandreia is the wetland Kypsas.

Near the village Siviri is located in the 1980s built amphitheater surrounded by a pine forest, which is modeled after ancient models. In this amphitheater (June to September) theater and music performances, especially in the summer months took place, including the cultural festival Kassandra.

Just north of located on the west coast of Kassandra Sani village there is a watchtower from the Byzantine period at the top of Sani Peninsula, the tower Stavronikita. He represents a remnant of the former Landwirtschaftsguts the monastery on Athos Stavronikita

In the village there are still Kassandreia windmills dating from the 19th century.

One of the biggest holiday resort is located on the territory of the municipality Kassandreia around the Cape and the resort Sani.

The football team of Kassandreia plays in the second Greek football league. Kassandreia is thus based on the smallest population in the second football league Greece represented the village. The team reached once a fourth place in the table.