Kreis Birnbaum

  • Regierungsbezirk Bromberg
  • Government district of Posen

The circle Birnbaum in the northwest of the Prussian province of Posen was in the period from 1815 to 1920.

History ( 1793-1807 )

The area around the city Międzychód ( Birnbaum ) was after the Third Partition of Poland from 1793 to 1807 temporarily to the circle Meseritz in the Prussian province of South Prussia. After the peace of Tilsit in 1807, the area became part of the Duchy of Warsaw.

Administrative history

The area around the western Polish city Międzychód ( Birnbaum ) fell again after the Congress of Vienna on 15 May 1815, the Kingdom of Prussia.

As part of the general reorganization of the circle outline in the Prussian state, a circle Birnbaum was re-established on 1 January 1818.

Seat of the district administration, the city was Chalin, from June 1, 1833 Sieraków ( Zirke ) and in 1867 finally Birnbaum.

As part of the province of Posen of the circle Birnbaum was on 18th January 1871 at the same time part of the newly founded German Empire, whereas the Polish deputies in the new Reichstag on April 1, 1871 protested.

On 1 October 1887, the western part of the county was Birnbaum ( township and police district of Schwerin on the Warta River, Borough of Blesen and part of the police district Birnbaum ) separated and formed into a separate new circuit Schwerin on the Warta River.

On December 27, began in 1918 in the Posen province of Wielkopolska Uprising of the Polish majority population against German rule, and to the north- western third of the district, together with the county town of Birnbaum, the majority of the circle was in January 1919 under Polish control.

On February 16, 1919 armistice ended the Polish- German battles, and on 28 June 1919, the German government stepped with the signing of the Versailles Treaty, the circle Birnbaum officially to the newly founded Poland from. Germany and Poland concluded on November 25, 1919 an agreement on the evacuation and transfer of the ceded territories, ratified on 10 January 1920.

The evacuation of the remaining area under German control circuit together with the county town of Birnbaum and handover to Poland took place between 17 January and 4 February 1920.

District administrators

Municipal outline

The circle Birnbaum was divided initially into four, after the division of the circle into two municipalities, the remaining villages were grouped into police districts.

The circle consisted of pear on 1 January 1908:

  • Two townships ( Birnbaum and Sieraków ( Zirke ) )
  • 60 rural communities and
  • 34 agricultural estates.

Size

The circle Birnbaum had to pitch in 1887 an area of ​​1293 km ², after 642 km ².

Population

The circle Birnbaum had in 1905 27.566 inhabitants. Of these, 51% were Poles and 49% German. Part of the German inhabitants left after 1920 the area.

Towns

List of localities in the district of pear with more than 400 inhabitants (1910 ):

( With a few exceptions were after 1815, the Polish place names on, at the beginning of the 20th century, several place names were Germanized. )

Personalities

Bromberg (region) Posen (region) Treaties of Tilsit Reichstag (German Empire) Bledzew Kreis Adelnau Kreis Bomst Kreis Czarnikau Kreis Filehne Kreis Gostyn Kreis Gnesen Kreis Hohensalza Kreis Koschmin Kreis Kosten Kreis Krotoschin Kreis Lissa Kreis Meseritz Kreis Mogilno Kreis Neutomischel Kreis Obornik Kreis Ostrowo Kreis Pleschen Kreis Posen-Ost Kreis Posen-West Kreis Rawitsch Kreis Samter Kreis Schildberg Kreis Schmiegel Kreis Schrimm Kreis Schroda Kreis Schubin Kreis Schwerin in Posen Kreis Strelno Kreis Wirsitz Kreis Witkowo Kreis Wongrowitz Kreis Znin Integrated Authority File
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