Leonhart Fuchs

Leonhart Fuchs ( born January 17, 1501 Wemding, † May 10 1566 in Tübingen ) was a German plant expert physicians. Its official botanical author abbreviation is " L.Fuchs ".

Life

He was the son of the mayor Wemdinger Hans Fuchs ( † 1505). After leaving school in his hometown Wemding, in Heilbronn and Erfurt Fuchs studied in 1515 at the University of Erfurt philosophy and natural science. 1516, he returned to Wemding, where he opened a private school, but already completed a year later. 1519 he studied at the University of Ingolstadt under the humanist and Hebrew scholar Johannes Reuchlin Greek, Latin and Hebrew as well as philosophy, received in 1521 a Master of the teaching license and started in the same year in Ingolstadt to study medicine. In 1524 he became a doctor of medicine.

1524/25, he practiced medicine in Munich and taught from 1526 Medicine in Ingolstadt. In 1528, he resigned after conflict with the conservative Catholic leadership as a personal physician in the service of the Ansbacher Margrave George the Pious. In 1531 he was re-appointed to Ingolstadt, but returned in 1533 back to Ansbach. In 1535 he was appointed professor of medicine at the University of Tübingen, where he was seven times ( 1536, 1540, 1546, 1549, 1554, 1560, 1564) and rector lived with his large family in the still existing " Nonnenhaus ". He led by botanical excursions and planted a medicinal plant garden, the first botanical garden of the University and one of the oldest in the world at all. Emperor Charles V elevated him to the peerage.

Fox is considered one of the fathers of botany, the main representative of the New Galenism. He authored over 50 books and pamphlets. His great fame he owes primarily his herbals. 1542 was published in Latin with De Historia Stirpium commmentarii insignes his first herb book, 1543 the highly influential New Kreüterbuch as German edition. In both works each over 400 European and 100 exotic species are described and illustrated in 511 woodcuts. For an enhanced edition of the Historia he found a publisher; the extensive manuscript with over 1500 images of plants came after his death in Vienna in the Austrian National Library, where it is fully preserved. Of his books on herbs panels on the other hand only a few examples have survived.

After fox named taxa

Charles Plumier named in his honor, the genus Fuchsia the plant family Onagraceae ( Onagraceae ). Linnaeus later took the name.

Works

  • De Historia Stirpium commentarii insignes ( Isingrin, Basel, 1542) digitized the 931 S.
  • New Kreüterbuch ( 1543)
  • Apologia contra Leonardi Fuchsii Hieremiam Thriverum Brachelium, medicum Lovaniensem: monstratur qua quod in viscerum inflammationibus, pleuritide praesertim, sanguis e directo Lateris affecti mitti debeat. - Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf

Revisions

  • Leonhart Fuchs: New Kreüterbuch. Vma Distributor, 2002, ISBN 3-928127-84-5.
  • Leonhart Fuchs: De Historia Stirpium. Octavo, 2003, ISBN 1-59110-051-8.
Johann Reuchlin George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach Neue Deutsche Biographie Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie International Plant Names Index Integrated Authority File
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