List of state leaders in 1857

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Africa

• Egypt Khedive ( Viceroy ): Muhammad Said ( 1854-1863 )

• Ethiopia Kaiser: Theodore II (1855-1868)

• Buganda King, Mutesa I. (1856-1884)

• Bunyoro King: Kyebambe IV (1852-1869)

• Burundi King: Mwezi Gisabo IV (1852-1908)

• Dahomey King: Glele (1856-1889)

• Liberia President: Stephen Allen Benson (1856-1864)

• Morocco Sultan Moulay Abd al-Rahman (1822-1859)

• Rwanda King: Kigeri IV (1853-1895)

• Sokoto Caliphate Caliph Aliyu Babba (1842-1859)

• Republic of South Africa President: Marthinus Wessel Pretorius (1857-1863)

• Zulu King Mpande ka Senzangakhona (1840-1872)

America

North America

• Mexico Heads of State and Head of Government: President Ignacio Comonfort (1856-1858)

• United States of America Heads of State and Head of Government: President Franklin Pierce ( 1853-4. March 1857 )
• President James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 to 1861 )

Central America

• Costa Rica Heads of state and head of government: President Juan Rafael Mora Porras (1849-1859)

• Dominican Republic Heads of State and Head of Government: President Buenaventura Báez (1849-1853, 1856-1858, 1868-1873, 1876-1878)

• El Salvador Heads of State and Head of Government: President Rafael Campo (1856-1858)

• Guatemala Heads of State and Head of Government: President Rafael Carrera y Turcios (1844-1848, 1851-1865)

• Haiti Ruler: Emperor Faustin I. (1847-1859)

• Honduras Heads of State and Head of Government: President José Santos Guardiola Bustillo (1856-1862)

• Nicaragua Heads of State and Head of Government: (provisional) Patricio Rivas ( 1855-24. June 1857 )
• Government Junta Máximo Jerez, Tomás Martínez ( June 24 to October 19 1857)
• Government Junta Gregorio Juárez, Rosalío Cortés ( 19 October-15 November 1857)
• President Tomás Martínez (November 15, 1857-1867 )

South America

• Argentina Heads of State and Head of Government: President Justo José de Urquiza (1854-1860)

• Bolivia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Jorge Córdoba ( 1855-9. September 1857 )
• President José María Linares (September 9, 1857 to 1861 )

• Brazil Ruler: Emperor Peter II (1831-1889)

• Chile Heads of State and Head of Government: President Manuel Montt (1851-1861)

• Ecuador Heads of state and head of government: President Francisco Robles (1856-1859)

• New Granada (now Colombia) Heads of State and Head of Government: President Manuel María Mallarino ( 1855-1. April 1857 )
• President Mariano Ospina Rodríguez (April 1, 1857 to 1861 )

• Paraguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Carlos Antonio López (1841-1844, 1844-1862)

• Peru (disputed ) Heads of State and Head of Government: President Ramón Castilla (1855-1862)

• Uruguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Gabriel Antonio Pereira (1856-1860)

• Venezuela Heads of State and Head of Government: President José Tadeo Monagas (1855-1858)

Asia

• Abu Dhabi Emir: Zayed I. (1855-1909)

• Ajman Sheikh: Humaid I. (1848-1872)

• Afghanistan Emir: Dost Muhammad Khan (1842-1863)

• Bahrain Emir Muhammad ibn Khalifah Al Khalifah (1842-1868)

• China ( Qing Dynasty ) Kaiser: Xianfeng (1850-1861)

• British India Governor General: Charles John Canning (1856-1862)

• Japan Kaiser: Komei (1846-1867)
• Shogun: ( Tokugawa ): Tokugawa Iesada ( 1853-1858 )

• Korea King: Cheoljong (1849-1864)

• Kuwait Emir: Djabir I. (1814-1859)

• Oman Sultan: Thuwaini bin Said (1856-1866)

• Ottoman Empire Sultan Abdülmecid I (1839-1861)

• Persia ( Qajar dynasty ) Shah: Naser ad -Din Shah (1848-1896)

• Thailand King Mongkut, King of Thailand (1851-1868)

Australasia

• Hawaii King Kamehameha IV (1855-1863)

Europe

• Abkhazia Prince: Mikheil Sharvashidze (1822-1864)

• Andorra Co - Prince: Emperor of France: Napoleon III. (1848-1870)
• Bishop of Urgell: Josep Caixal i Estradé (1851-1879)

• Belgium King Leopold I. (1831-1865)

• Denmark King, Frederick VII (1848-1863) Prime Minister: Carl Christoffer Georg Andrae (1856-1857)
• Prime Minister: Carl Christian Hall (1857-1859)

• German Bund Austria Emperor Franz Joseph I (1848-1916) Prime Minister: Karl Ferdinand Graf von Buol -looking stone (1852-1859)

• King Friedrich Wilhelm IV (1840-1861) Prime Minister: Otto Theodor Freiherr von Manteuffel (1850-1858)

• Duke: Karl Alexander (1834-1863)

• Duke Leopold IV (1817-1871)

• Grand Duke Friedrich I. (1856-1907) Regent (1852-1856)

• King Maximilian II (1848-1864)

• Duke Wilhelm (1831-1884)

• Mayor: Johann Smidt (1821-1857)
• Mayor Arnold Duck joke (1857-1863) (1866-1869)
• Mayor: Carl Friedrich Gottfried Mohr (1857-1861) (1864-1867) (1870-1873)

• Mature Mayor: Eduard Ludwig von Harnier (1855 ) ( 1857) (1859 )

• Mayor: Nicolaus Binder ( 1855) (1857 ) ( 1859) (1861 )
• Mayor: Henry Kellinghusenstraße (1843-1844) (1845-1846) (1847-1848) (1851-1852) (1853-1854) (1855-1856) (1857-1858) (1859-1860)

• King George V (1851-1866)

• Grand Duke Ludwig III. (1848-1877)

• Landgraf: Ferdinand (1848-1866)

• Elector Friedrich Wilhelm (1847-1866)

• Duke Frederick II (1848-1863)

• Prince Alois II (1836-1858)

• Prince Leopold III. (1851-1873)

• Mayor: Johann Joachim Friedrich Torkuhl (1847-1848) (1851-1852) (1857-1858)

• Grand Duke Wilhelm III. (1849-1890)

• Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II (1842-1883)

• Grand Duke: Georg (1816-1860)

• Duke: Adolf I (1839-1866)

• Grand Duke Nikolaus Friedrich Peter (1853-1900)

• Prince Heinrich XX. (1836-1859)

• Prince Heinrich LXVII. (1854-1867)

• King Johann (1854-1873)

• Duke Ernst I. (1853-1908)

• Duke Ernst II (1844-1893)

• Duke Bernhard II (1803-1866)

• Grand Duke Carl Alexander (1853-1901)

• Prince Georg Wilhelm (1787-1860) to 1807 Count

• Prince Friedrich Günther (1807-1867)

• Prince Günther Friedrich Karl II (1835-1880)

• Prince Georg Viktor (1845-1893)

• King: William I (1816-1864)

• France: Emperor Napoleon III. (1851-1870)

• Greece King Otto I. (1832-1862)

• Italian States Church State Pope Pius IX. (1846-1870) (1870 resolution of the Papal States - pontificate ends 1878)

• King Franz Joseph ( 1848-1859/66 )

• Duke Franz V. (1846-1859)

• Duke: Robert I (1854-1860) a minor
• Regent: Louise Marie Thérèse de Bourbon -Artois (1854-1860)

• Captains Regent: Melchiorre Filippi, Gaetano Simoncini (1 October 1856-1 April 1857. )
• Captains Regent: Innocenzo Bonelli, Domenico Fattori (1 April 1857-1 October 1857. )
• Captains Regent: Settimio Belluzzi, Giacomo Berti (1 October 1857-1 April 1858. )

• King, Victor Emmanuel II (1849-1861)

• King Ferdinand II (1830-1859)

• Grand Duke Leopold II (1824-1859)

• Monaco Prince Charles III. (1856-1889)

• Montenegro ( until 1878 under Ottoman suzerainty ) Prince Danilo II Petrović - Njegoš (1851-1860) ( until 1852 Prince-Bishop )

• Neutral Moresnet Ruler: Leopold I, King of Belgium (1831-1865)
• Ruler: Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia (1840-1861)
• Mayor Arnold Timothée de Lasaulx (1817-1859)

• Netherlands King Wilhelm III. (1849-1890)

• Norway King Oscar I (1844-1859) (identical with Oscar I of Sweden, Swedish -Norwegian personal union )

• Ottoman Empire Sultan Abdülmecid I (1839-1861)

• Portugal King: Peter V. (1853-1861)

• Russia Tsar Alexander II (1855-1881)

• Sweden King Oscar I (1844-1859) (identical with Oscar I of Norway, Norwegian - Swedish personal union )

• Serbia ( until 1878 under Ottoman suzerainty ) Prince Aleksandar Karadjordjević (1842-1858)

• Spain Queen Isabella II (1833-1868)

• Hungary King Franz Joseph I (1848-1916)

• United Kingdom Queen Victoria (1837-1901)
• Prime Minister: Henry John Temple (1855-1858)