Long March 1
Long March 1 (Chinese长征 二号, Pinyin Changzheng 1, abbreviated as CZ -1 or LM-1 ) is the first member of the Chinese Long March rocket family.
Development and Audbau
The development of lightweight launcher began in 1965, with the 1st and 2nd stage of the ICBM CSS - 2 source. The third stage solid propellant was a new development. A special feature was the this third stage ignition. It was only at the level of the later perigee of the payload, which is about 200 seconds drive Wi flight after burnout of the second stage was the case, separated and ignited. In the weightless phase of the second stage residual fuel was used for position control. For the stabilization of the third stage rocket motor provided an additional smaller, the offset them in a rotation ( about 180 rpm). The first version of the CZ- 1 was used three times, and always served as the launch site, the Baikonur Jiuquan. The first mission failed when the rocket still crashed 69 seconds on November 16, 1969 after the launch in sight of the launch site. The first successful launch on 24 April 1970, she launched the first Chinese satellite Dong Fang Hong I, into space. The last launch took place on March 3, 1971, the research satellite Shijian -1 was launched into space. They were then replaced by the CZ- 2 rockets.
In the late 1990s, was developed and used as a further development of the CZ- 1D. It had an improved first and second stage and a new third stage and so allowed a much higher payload of 800 to 1000 kg for the low-Earth orbit. It was intended for commercial launches, but has been used only three times for suborbital flights to the test of re-entry. The first launch took place on 29 May 1995, the last on January 3, 2002. However, this last was a failure.
Specifications
- Levels: 3
- Length: 29.86 m ( CZ- 1D: 28,22 m)
- Take off weight: 81.5 t level 1 Length: 17.835 m
- Diameter: 2.25 m ( 4.0 m above the fins)
- Mass: 65.2 t
- Fuel: ( nitric acid and UDMH ) a total of 61 t
- Engine: YF -2A with four combustion chambers
- Burn time: 130 s
- Off thrust: 1020 kN ( CZ- 1D: 1101 kN)
- Length: 7,486 m
- Diameter: 2.25 m
- Mass: 13.5 t
- Fuel: nitric acid and UDMH total of 11.2 t
- Engine: YF -3
- Burn time: 110 s
- Thrust: 306 kN
- Length: 4,565 m
- Diameter: 0.77 m
- Dimensions: 2.2 t
- Fuel: solid with a total of 1.8 t
- Engine: FG -02 ( CZ -1D: FG - 36)
- Burning time: 38 s
- Thrust: 181 kN