Maria am Gestade
Mary on the Strand is a Gothic Roman Catholic church in the 1st district of Vienna Innere city, close to the Danube Canal. She was the traditional church of the Danube boatmen. The name derives from the former location of the church from the high shore of an arm of the then unregulated Danube. Mary on the Strand counts together with St. Peter's Church and St. Ruprecht's Church of the oldest churches in Vienna.
History
There was originally a chapel, said to have been built in the 9th century, but this is not conclusive on the site of the present church. Indirectly, it was first mentioned in 1137, expressly for the first time in a document dating back to 1200, the ownership structure of the property were relatively obscure -. Was transferred between the Schottenstift, Viennese middle-class families and the bishop of Passau back and forth.
As of 1302 the church was owned by the lords of grip that made new build from 1330 to 1355 the choir and probably designed as a family burial ground. Later, the church fell to the bishops of Passau, in whose possession it remained even after the elevation to the Bishopric of Vienna 1469.
After the church fell into disrepair during the course of the 18th century, it was yet to be demolished in danger and served as the magazine and stables. In 1812 it was re-consecrated and, in the wake of the Redemptorist. The Gothic choir windows were taken to Laxenburg and incorporated into the local Franzensburg. In 1900 and again in 1930 the church was restored - this concerned mainly the portal figures.
Description
The nave, which is due to the limited space narrower than the chorus and slightly bent due to the former course of the arm of the Danube, was started in 1400, with last Duke Albrecht III. even acted as principal.
Also for the nave cross-connections for simultaneous construction site Sankt Stephan are very likely obviously they are at the Tower, which was started together with the choir in 1330. The builder of the choir and the tower is Michael Knab, who also created the (later modified ) plan for the towers of the cathedral, and was succeeded by Peter Prachatitz also a cathedral builder. Just as the south tower of St. Stephen, the tower tapers with a floor plan change.
The most characteristic of the church is the openwork spire from 1419-1428, which is designed as gothic scrollwork. He was probably used to be seen from afar and is also depicted on the oldest city views.
The church has three portals that are adorned with reliefs and figures. The choir portal shows a Schutzmantelmadonna and a Coronation of the Virgin, both dating from around 1350, during the Middle portal adduced realistic-looking depictions of angels playing instruments. Surrounded by a canopy crowned main portal shows reliefs of the two saints named John ( Baptist and Evangelist) from about 1410 ( the style may be associated with the St. Vitus Cathedral ), and a rich sculptural and mosaic jewelery, which in this form, however, from the 20. century dates.
A proclamation group in the nave of the church dates from about 1360 and is assigned to the master of Minoritenwerkstatt, that is, they have the same style characteristics as the portal figures of the Vienna Minoritenkirche on. Due to their partially Done falling out of the wall and the spatial independence of the gestures they are considered important transitional piece for the High Gothic.
On November 4, 1862, the mortal remains of St. Clement Mary Hofbauer from Maria Grossenzersdorf were transferred to Mödling in this church, his relics are in the altar, the old grave plate is mounted on one of the columns.
From an art historical importance, the so-called Hornberger votive picture is from the year 1462. Located in the Clemens Chapel.
To the church leads from the alley at the shore a steep staircase, which dates from the year 1937 in its present form. According to her, the Church is sometimes popularly called Maria stairs. Due to the long staircase she is often used for weddings.
Organ
The great organ in the west gallery was in 1911 jun by organ builder Matthew Mauracher. (Salzburg ) was built. Was reused in this instrument pipe material from the previous organs, as well as the Baroque organ, which stood on the former musicians - gallery in the choir of the church. The neo-Gothic brochure comes in large part from the previous organ, which was built by Friedrich German man. The late romantic predisposed cone chests instrument has 36 stops on two manuals and pedal. The play and Registertrakturen are pneumatic.
- Couplers: I / I ( Superoktavkoppel ), II / I (also known as sub-and Superoktavkoppel ), II / II (Super and Suboktavkoppel ) I / P, II / P, P / P ( Superoktavkoppel )