Max Lange

Max Lange ( born August 7, 1832 in Magdeburg, † December 8, 1899 in Leipzig ) was a German chess player, publisher, writer and chess official.

Journey

Max Lange studied ( in addition to a number of other subjects) law and philosophy and a doctorate in both subjects. Since 1864 he was co-owner of the publishing firm Otto Spamer in Leipzig. Lange, who married a daughter of the well-known publisher, was later, after the death of his father ( 1886), the sole owner of the publishing house. After 1891 he lived then as a private citizen in Leipzig.

In addition to publishing activities, Long was a prolific author. He wrote popular life pictures about Abraham Lincoln ( 1866) and Kaiser Wilhelm I. ( " Wilhelm the Great", 1888) and a number of other writings, most of which dealt with chess themes.

Chess Author

Already as a student he edited in 1849 the Magdeburg chess newspaper, of which only one volume was published. Another magazine he founded, Sunday Journal for chess friends, appeared from January to September 1861 in Leipzig. His "Textbook of chess " experienced in 1856 and 1865 two editions and was translated into several languages. He has authored more chess books, including the first biography of the American master Paul Morphy. From this work, published 1859-1894 three editions and an English translation (1860 ).

From 1858 to Max Lange for several years editor and publisher of the Berlin ( later German ) was Schachzeitung.

Chess Master

In the 1860s he was one of the strongest German chess masters. In 1862 he won the first significant German chess tournament in Dusseldorf. Also the following two Düsseldorf tournaments of the West German Chess Federation in 1863 and 1864 he was the winner. In 1868, he won the tournament of the North German Chess Federation in Hamburg and at the Aachen Congress of West German Chess Federation after Tie with Adolf Anderssen.

At the founding and development of the earliest German chess federations Lange was involved. He repeatedly showed interest in organizational terms ( as early as 1848 as a high school student in Magdeburg Lange had founded a chess club ). From 1894 until his death Lange was eventually federal administrator of the company founded in 1877, the German Chess Federation (DSB ). During his tenure, led disputes, including with Siegbert Tarrasch, but to the fact that several clubs leaked from the DSB.

He has also enriched the opening theory. In the Two Knights in Nachzuge the intricate Max Lange attack is named after him and find today in all thematic theory books. It is created by the move order 1.e2 -e4 e7 - e5 -f3 2.Sg1 Sb8 - c6 - c4 3.Lf1 Ng8 - f6 4.d2 -d4 - c5 6.e4 e5xd4 5.0-0 Bf8 - e5.

Received in the history of chess is a brilliant combination, which was attributed to an actual game played Long. The putative role course was only " occasionally [in] an analytical study between Anderssen ( white ) and M. Lange ( black) to Breslau in 1859 " as a possible play before, so sprang from analysis Anderssen and Long.

Combination

Analysis: Adolf Anderssen and Max Lange, Breslau 1859

Chess Composer

As the author of the "Handbook for chess problems " Max Lange operated also in the field of chess composition. As a new idea, he developed namely the helpmate.

Publications

  • Magdeburg Schachzeitung, ed. of the Schachgesellschaft Sophrosyne, Emil Baensch, Magdeburg, 1849. online at Google Books
  • Critique of openings. A guide for experienced chess players, Veit & Comp., Berlin 1855 online at Google Books
  • Textbook of chess, Schroedel & Simon, Hall 1856 ( digitized and full text archive in the German text ); 2nd edition, 1865. Online at Google Books
  • Collection of new chess games with critical and historical notes. JJ Weber, Leipzig 1857. Online at Google Books
  • Paul Morphy. Sketch from the chess world. Veit & Comp., Leipzig 1859 ( further editions in 1881 and 1894) Online at Google Books
  • Sunday Sheets for chess lovers. Stories, poems, games, tasks from the areas of chess, Veit & Comp., Leipzig, 1861. Online at Google Books
  • Handbook of chess problems. . . Veit & Comp, Leipzig, 1862 online edition ( PDF, 18.4 MB)
  • Yearbook of the West German Chess Federation in 1862 and 1863, ( Reprint) Edition Olms, Zurich 1984. ISBN 3-283-00116-2. Online at Google Books
  • Abraham Lincoln the restorer of the North American Union and the great battle of the North and the South during the years 1861-1865, Otto spamer, Leipzig 1866. Online at Google Books
Deutsche Schachzeitung Two Knights Defense, Max Lange Attack Wrocław Sacrifice (chess) Checkmate Edward Winter (chess historian) Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Walter Robinow Georg Klaus Integrated Authority File
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