Mevlevi Order

The Mevlevi Tariqa ( Mevlevi dervish orders in Persian مولويه ) is one of the famous Sufi brotherhoods. The emergence of this Order shall pass to the Persian mystic Jalal ad-Din ar - Rumi (1207-1273, also known as ' Mevlana ' ), who for a long time in Konya ( Sultanate of Rum - Seljuks, and later the capital of the Beyliks Karaman ) the origin of the Order, lived.

Semâ

Followers of the Mevlevi Order are also called the whirling dervishes, because their dhikr ( Sama; Turkish Sema ) superficially consists of falling into ecstasy through circular movements. This ceremony as a beautiful performance that is very similar to a ballet appears To an outside observer. For the Mevlevis is like any Dhikr is a form of prayer in which one has the opportunity in the world to close completely and to come closer to God.

Many types of symbols are not recognizable to outsiders. At the beginning of a " dance " is the sheikh on a red coat (Post), which represents the center of the world. The dancers wear a black cloak over the white robe. The cloak symbolizes the grave and the hat ( Sikke ) the grave stone. After the blessing by the sheikh and thus the resurrection from the grave they lay off the grave cloth and begin to sound the longitudinal flute nay to turn. The right palm is facing up to receive the blessing of God, the left hand, palm downward, to distribute the blessing in this world. The Mevlevi dhikr was recorded in 2005 in the UNESCO list of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

The formalized Mevlevi ritual music ( ayin ) knows about 42 compositions, each year, one is selected for the performance. The musical flow is strictly defined and starts with the Naat -ı Mevlana, a song in praise of the Prophet, followed by a taksim, a free- rhythmic improvisation on the nay. The following peşrev is an instrumental prelude. The main part of four sung pieces, which are called selâm. They accompany the dancers in a circle rotating. It concludes with but three. The son peşrev is an instrumental piece in an over the top altered rhythm. Then comes the son Yürük semai. This instrumental interludes piece received its name from the rhythmic form ( usul ) in 6/8-measure ( Yürük semai ). The dance performance ends with the son taksim and a concluding prayer.

History

Today, the city of Konya is considered the origin of this Sufi Order, also in Afyon near Konya were Mevlevis. This is demonstrated by some tombs of high-ranking member of the Order.

The participation of women in the Mukabele, the " Sema ritual," is a phenomenon of the 20th century. Only in the 16th century took over Günesch Hanim after the death of her father, the former Superintendent of the Asitane in Afyonkarahisar, in a " hussar string " the office of Post Nischin, while the dervishes were divided even on the succession. It was later confirmed in office by the Maqam Çelebi ( head of the Mevlevi ) in Konya. However, this was a unique event.

The indication that Rumi is said to have never had the interest to conduct a large number of dervishes or to organize an Order is correct in so far as that he himself was Sheikh Najmuddin Kubra, founded by Kubrawiyya. He was involved in the Sufi tradition. It was under his son Sultan Weled (1284-1312) was the Mevlevi tariqa as furu, ie In addition to established line of Kubreviyye Tariqa.

The name Mevlevi comes from Rumi himself, who is said to have said - " Biz Mevleviyiz " in the meaning of " We belong to God ( Mevla or Maula, " lord ", " ruler "). Only in the course of the following decades the name Mevlevi gained greater importance and was at the time of Rumi's son Sultan Weled to describe the Tariqa. A further indication of the origin of the Tariqa is found in the fact that the value read from the Mevlevis " Large " and " Small " Evrad, a collection of Prayer and Quran texts that will be read regularly by the Dervishes, from the Kubraviyya tradition originates.

At the time of Shamsuddin Amir Alim († 1395 ), the son and successor Ulu Arif Çelebi, the Mevlevi Tariqa has spread beyond the borders of Anatolia addition.

On September 30, 1925 was ( called Atatürk ) Mustafa Kemal Pasha, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, by resolution of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey ( Türk Büyük Millî Meclisi ) with the Act on closure of dervish convents and mausoleums the rituals of the Mevlevi Dervishes ban. Since 1954, the Sama or Sema may ( a special kind of dhikr ) on the occasion of the anniversary of Rumi's death - the Seb -i Aruz (Persian شب عروسى, DMG Sab -i ʿ Arūs, wedding night ') - are performed again on 17 December, but not in the mother House of the Tariqa, but in a sports hall.

Construction

The head of the Mevlevi Tariqa comes, except Mevlana's immediate successor Celebi Husam - ed -din, from the family of Rumi, he is called Maqam Celebi. He is assisted by the sheikhs of Tariqa. One of those Sheikhs is the head teacher, the so-called Sertarik.