Monadenia
Mona Denia fidelis ( JE Gray, 1834)
The genus Mona Denia is the only genus of the family Monadeniidae from the subordination of terrestrial snails ( gastropod ). It comes only in western North America from Alaska to California before. A total of nearly 20 species, subspecies and color variations are described.
Features
The cabinets are mostly up flattened flachkonisch. The shell is moderately thick to rather thin. The last whorl forms often at the outer edge of a keel. In the adult stage the end of last intercourse often falls very clearly from out of the turns. The color of the body is usually light to dark brown, often with a dark spiral band on the periphery of dealing. It is bordered by lighter zones above and below it. But there are also housing that are uniform yellowish or blackish. The surface of the Embryonalgehäuses or the embryonic whorls formed is tightly grained. The later whorls bear fine radial strips that can intersect with fine spiral strips. The mouth is oval and always oblique to axis of coiling. The lower edge is often bent. The umbilicus is narrow and mostly open. The jaws have strong ribs. The genus or family is characterized by the absence of Divertikulums, a feature in the male part of the reproductive system. The animals have only a love arrow is double-edged.
Occurrence, lifestyle and dissemination
The species of the genus or family living exclusively in the coastal areas in western North America. The range extends from Alaska in the north to the Bay of San Francisco in California. At the height of the bay of San Francisco, the incidence ranges inland to the Mariposa County.
System
The family is provided by Schileyko (2005) in the superfamily Xanthonychoidea, which is, however, Bouchet & Rocroi of (2005 ) is not recognized. Nordsieck (2006) also points out that the family is polyphyletic Xanthonychidae. The latter authors, they therefore represent the superfamily Helicoidea. The Monadeniidae family currently contains only one genus, which is, however, divided by Schileyko (2005) into three sub- genera:
- Family Monadeniidae Nordsieck, 1987 Genus Mona Denia Plsbry, 1895 Subgenus Denia Mona (Mona Denia) Pilsbry, 1895
- Subgenus Mona Denia ( Shastelix ) Roth, 1981
- Subgenus Mona Denia ( Corynadenia ) Berry, 1940
Species not assigned to a particular subgenus
- Mona Denia callipeplus Berry, 1940
- Mona Denia chaceana Berry, 1940
- Mona Denia Churchi Hanna Smith, 1933
- Mona Denia circumcarinata ( Stearns, 1879)
- Mona Denia cristulata Berry, 1940
- Mona Denia fidelis ( J. E. Gray, 1834)
- Mona Denia hillebrandi ( Newcomb, 1864)
- Mona Denia infumata ( Gould, 1855)
- Mona Denia marmarotis Berry, 1940
- Mona Denia mormonum ( Pfeiffer, 1857)
- Mona Denia rotifer Berry, 1940
- Mona Denia scottiana Berry, 1940
- Mona Denia setosa Talmadge, 1952
- Mona Denia troglodytes Hanna & Smith, 1933
- Mona Denia tuolumneana Berry, 1955
Phylogeny
The three North American families Humboldtianidae, Helminthoglyptidae and Monadeniidae After Koene and Schulenburg (2005) are more closely related to each other and form a monophyletic group, which the helicid ( Helicidae ) faces. Within the monophyletic Humboldtianidae and Helminthoglyptidae form a monophyletic group, which is the sister group of the Monadeniidae.
Helicidae
Helminthoglyptidae
Humboldtianidae
Monadeniidae