Music recording sales certification
A gold record is in the music industry prize, which is awarded to musicians, producers and composers for the sale of a minimum number of audio or video recordings in a country where all formats such as CD, LP, DVD and downloads are counted. In addition, there is the platinum record award for even more sales, usually twice as high as in the Golden Record. To further increase, there are triple gold, double - platinum, five-way gold and so on, in some countries like the United States as a special increase in the Diamond Record. The Silver Record for a smaller number of units sold is such as Great Britain, awarded only in a few countries.
The prizes will be awarded in the U.S. since 1958 by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) and in other countries since the 1970s by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI ). The Golden Record is intended to stand as a reward for an " equally artistically and commercially successful production."
History
Has its origins gold record in the U.S. also in Spain. Moreover, whom the first gold record was awarded, there are different views. The idea of the gold record probably goes back to the record company American Record Corporation. Your Board Arthur E. Satherly handed Gene Autry public a copy of his single That Silver Haired Daddy of Mine with a gold-bronze finish. Towards the end of 1931, the single was sold over 500,000 times, which was the record company worth an appreciation. The RIAA claims, however, the first gold record Glenn Miller would get sold for around 1.2 million copies of Chattanooga Choo Choo on February 10, 1942. This award was presented by the record company RCA Victor during a radio broadcast.
After the founding of the RIAA in 1952, the association took over the awarding of the Golden Record. He gave on March 14, 1958 his first gold record to Perry Como for the single Catch a Falling Star. On July 6, 1958, he was awarded the first gold record for the album. It was the soundtrack to the movie Oklahoma!.
Development of the public procurement directives
USA
In 1976, the RIAA expanded the award to the platinum record for one million singles sold in 1984 and sold to the multi-platinum category for more than two million albums. On April 22, 1976, the first platinum award for over 2 million copies sold of the single Disco Lady was awarded to singer Johnnie Taylor.
In 1988 arrived in the United States only four singles went gold. For comparison: in 1978, 61 singles were gilded. Because of the increasingly sluggish sales of singles, the RIAA lowered in 1989, the guidelines in the category Gold and Platinum singles by half. On 16 March 1999, the RIAA launched the Diamond Record for ten million sold albums or singles.
The awarding of a prize on the basis of sales figures is problematic if the sale of records is done on a commission basis, a practice that is common in the United States. The RIAA awarded on 22 November 1984, a gold record to the band The Fixx for 500,000 copies sold of the album Phantoms. However, about 150,000 copies went back to the record company, so that in fact only 350,000 copies were sold.
Germany
By 1975, gold records were awarded to artists in Germany, but this was done by the respective record companies by inconsistent and not officially verified criteria.
Following a directive from 1 January 1976 the number of evaluated sales in Germany is determined by the units sold to retailers that have been reported to GEMA or other collecting society of authors than domestic sales. This is therefore not about the number of units actually sold to end customers.
The relevant minimum numbers were significantly reduced by decision of 30 October 2003 due to declining sales in the music industry. In Germany, the hurdle for albums (instead of 250,000 as before 24 September 1999) is now retroactive to January 1, 2003 at 100,000, for singles at 150,000 units. Sampler, on which different artists or groups are represented, can receive a Gold award only if the majority of the pieces contained in the recorded music was not previously published.
In Germany, gold records are awarded by the record companies and registered with the Federation of the Phonographic Industry. An independent auditor checks the information of record companies. For the first time awarded gold records were already an artist stripped end of 1990 again. An examination showed that the record company of the Hamburg band Helloween had added to the exports of the album Keeper of the Seven Keys Part 2 to the domestic market, to reach the required number of units sold.
But there is no statutory or other provisions concerning the award of the " precious metal ". Only the the Federation of the Phonographic Industry affiliated record labels and music publishing undertake to comply with the selling amount to impart a gold record. On the other hand, any record company that is not connected to the association, give them such awards to their artists independently; no matter how many units were actually sold. But then missing on these awards, the hologram of the Federation.
The plate itself is plated with 24 carat no original disk of the respective artist, but either a normal LP, which was then gold coated similarly in a complex chemical process, or "mother" of copper or other precious metal.
For some, special awards, a gold -coated similar music cassette housing has been inserted. In the CD era are used to produce "CD- Stamper " ( " CD pressing Mothers" ) plated with 24k gold or steamed blanks with 18- carat gold - Medical layer.
Special Awards
- Since 1 January 1992, the corresponding Jazz Awards are presented when they have reached over 10,000 units sold for jazz productions.
- Since 1 January 2002 all music video cassettes and discs will be awarded with gold or platinum when they were sold more than 25,000 or 50,000 times.
- Since 1 January 2008 the Federation special gold records awards in the areas of audio book, comedy, children's storyteller and children's video under the following conditions: Audiobook Award: for all audio book productions that reach more than 100,000 (Gold ) or 200,000 (Platinum) copies sold.
- Audio Comedy Award: for all audio productions which more than 100,000 (Gold ) or 200,000 times (platinum ) have been sold.
- Video Comedy Award: for all video productions, more than 25,000 ( gold ) and 50,000 times (platinum ) have been sold.
- Kids Award: their sales figures are for all children - audio productions, over 100,000 ( gold ) and 200,000 ( platinum).
- Children's Video Award: with sales of over 25,000 ( gold ) or 50,000 (platinum ) are available for all children - video productions.
Switzerland
In Switzerland, the current hurdle for gold and platinum singles at 15,000 or 30,000 copies and albums from 2013, is 10,000 or 20,000 copies, cassettes and discs must have been discontinued at least 3000 or 6000 times.
From 1989 to 2000, there were 25,000 units sold from gold and platinum from 50,000 units. From 2001 to 2005, there were 20,000 units from 40,000 units from gold and platinum. From 2006 to 2012, there were 15,000 units from 30,000 units from gold and platinum. The limit was reduced in 2013 to the current values .
Since 2013 applies with 7,500 units for 15,000 gold and platinum a further lowering of repertoire in French and Italian.
Austria
In Austria, in turn, a gold record for selling DVDs 5,000, 7,500 or 15,000 albums sold singles sold will be given. The current hurdle for platinum is for Singles at 30,000 copies for albums and DVDs at 15,000 at 10,000.
Iceland
By 1992, the gold record for selling 3,000 units was awarded in Iceland, 7,500 units for the platinum plate. Due to rising sales of the hurdles were raised to 5,000 units sold for Gold and 10,000 for Platinum. As of 2012, these hurdles are in Iceland for both the national and the international repertoire. The same figures apply to the sale of music videos.
Records
In Germany Herbert Grönemeyer the most successful artist with 79 gold discs for music products and additionally 27 music videos (as of September 24, 2012 ).
The most successful German artists is the world James Last with 242 gold records (as of September 24, 2012 ).
The most awards in the U.S. for albums has Elvis Presley obtained ( 90 gold, 52 platinum and 25 multi-platinum ), followed by The Beatles ( 47/41/26 ) and Barbra Streisand ( 51/30/13 ).
Most Diamond Records in the United States has so far received Garth Brooks ( 7), before The Beatles (6) and Led Zeppelin (6).