Mustafa 'Abd al-Raziq
Mustafa ʿ Abd al- Raziq Arabic مصطفى عبد الرازق, DMG Mustafa ʿ Abd al- Raziq (* 1885, † 1947) was an Egyptian religious scholar and philosopher. He and his younger brother Ali Abd al- Raziq were the sons of Hasan ʿ Abd al- Raziq, a close friend of Muhammad Abduh.
He studied until 1909 at the Al -Azhar University and was a member of the circle of Muhammad Abduh. After finishing his studies, he traveled to Paris and studied at the Sorbonne in Émile Durkheim sociology and ethics. At the University of Lyon, he taught Arabic and a PhD on the jurist al- Shafii. This work was published in Cairo in 1944. After receiving his doctorate in 1915, he returned back to Cairo. In 1927 he was appointed professor of Islamic philosophy at Cairo University, in 1938, he was Minister of Religious Affairs ( Awqaf ). From 1945 until his death he was head of the Azhar ( Sheikh al -Azhar ).
In his lectures and work, he was rooted in the tradition of his teacher, Muhammad Abduh and held lectures on the life and teachings of Sheikh Muhammad Abduh at the university.
He represented the reform ideas of his teacher, whose Risalat he translated at- Tawheed ( Epistle on the unity of God ) with M. Bernard Michel with a detailed introduction into French and published in 1925.
In his Introduction to the History of Islamic Philosophy ( Cairo 1944), he initially followed the teachings of Ernest Renan, dernach Islamic philosophy is neither Arab nor Muslim origin. He disproved this theory, however, with the careful investigation of the role of independent legal determination ( Ra'y ) in Islamic law, which existed in his view, already in the time of Prophet Muhammad and his successors. His handling of the historical sources, his presentation of historical developments are under the influence of his European education path.