Nanzan
Nanzan (Japanese南山, dt "Southern Mountain" ), sometimes Sannan (山南) was one of the three kingdoms, which controlled the island of Okinawa during the Yong Jiang - time in the 14th and early 15th centuries. The island was divided into numerous chiefdoms and small kingdoms that make up made out in the years from 1314 three major kingdoms. These were in addition to Nanzan the realms Chūzan and Hokuzan. Nanzan ceased to exist after it was conquered in 1429 by King Shō Hashi of Chūzan.
History
Prior to founding Nanzans the rulers subordinate to Okinawa to loose a supreme prince of Okinawa. After the death of Prince Eiji in 1313 his son Tamagusuku took office. However Tamagusuku did not manage to bring all the princes to look at him as the legitimate ruler, so that it came almost immediately to rebellions against him. Therefore, he called in 1314 of its future capital Urasoe from the Kingdom of Chūzan. Ofusato, a local prince who fled from Urasoe to the south, and sat down in the castle Ozato fixed. From there, he extended his control over the surrounding areas from before he finally exclaimed the Kingdom Nanzan in 1337. Already in 1322, another prince who founded the kingdom in the north Hokuzan. The rulers of the three kingdoms succeeded in establishing itself as the undisputed kings against the other tribal leaders, so that Okinawa was united for the first time more or less central.
Although it was the smallest of the three kingdoms, Nanzan had a much better starting position than Hokuzan. Its population density was higher and the land was better suited for agriculture. Although controlled Chūzan with NAFA 's largest commercial port, but the ports were in the south better developed than those in Hokuzan so Nanzan could still participate in a large scale on more and more increasingly important maritime trade in the region. However, NAFA was the main port for trade with China, so it Chūzan in 1372 as the first managed to be included in the tribute system of China's Ming Dynasty, something Nanzan and Hokuzan was not until later. Another indicator of less importance, Nanzan was awarded was the number of tribute missions that have been received in China. Chūzan sent 52 missions during Nanzan only 19 and Hokuzan even sent only nine embassies. In addition to these official trade missions, however, is likely to have played a certain role smuggling. Thus, a private trader from Nanzan was taken up in China by 1381, where he wanted to buy for silver porcelain for its own needs.
1406 Nanzan suffered another setback. The Chinese emperor Hongwu had previously recognized any of the three kings of Okinawa as the rightful ruler because it could only be one ruler of Okinawa Chinese opinion. After the death of Hongwu in the year 1398, therefore, all three kingdoms sent ambassadors to Nanjing, the question asked to recognize as legitimate king of their respective rulers. Until 1406 no answer, when finally arrived a Chinese embassy in Chūzan and its king, Bunei, as the legitimate ruler recognized. While this honor was also King 1415 Taromai of Nanzan given, but he could not beat a more profit from this, as he had to contend with internal unrest in his kingdom. After his death in 1429 took advantage of King Shō Hashi of Chūzan, who had already conquered in 1416 Hokuzan force, the disputes about the possible successor and took over the control of Nanzan, which Okinawa was united under one king. As a result, he exclaimed the Kingdom of Ryukyu.