Nectriaceae
Red Pustelpilz ( Nectria cinnabarina )
The Pustelpilzverwandten ( Nectriaceae ) are a family from the order of crustal ball Fungal ( Hypocreales ). Besides saprobiontischen species are economically important plant parasites in this family.
Features
They form a fruiting body from small spherical perithecia with membranous peridium. They are usually orange-red to violet, with potassium hydroxide or lactic acid they change color. The opening of the perithecium ( ostiole ) is obscured by periphyses. The tubes are cylindrical and thin-walled, often with a small apical ring. The ascospores are usually querseptiert, hyaline to yellow or light brown, sometimes ornamented. The secondary fruit shape forms numerous hyphae, hyaline or colored light, the conidia are very variable in form, but often curved and can be made in special structures called sporodochia or Synemmata.
Ecology and distribution
The Pustelpilzverwandten usually live saprobiontisch or parasitic on different plant material, but can also be isolated from the ground. Among them are important plant pests, the Fusarium wilt can cause various diseases such as. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution.
Taxonomy
The Nectriaceae originally included all Pyrenomycetes, ie, those fungi that form a fruiting body perithecia. In 1999 the Bionectriaceae were due to their mycophagen in part, that combined -feeding of other fungi lifestyle and also due to molecular biological features as their own family.
Selected genres
- Albonectria
- Allonectella
- Calonectria including the anamorph genus Cylindrocladium
- Cosmospora
- Gibberella including the anamorph genus Fusarium Fusarium oxysporum
- Gibberella zeae
- Cinnabar Red Pustelpilz ( Nectria cinnabarina )
- Nectria galligena, causal agent of tree cancer
- Neonectria radicicola