Newfoundland (dog)
- Group 2: Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molossian breeds - Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs
- Section 2: Molossoid
- Without working trial
Canada
FCI
Average Males 71 cm Bitches 66 cm
Average Male 68 kg Bitches 54 kg
- Black
- White - black
- Brown
The Newfoundland is a recognized by the FCI breed of dog that comes from Canada ( FCI Group 2, Section 2.2, Standard No. 50).
Origin and History
The home of the Newfoundland is the Canadian Atlantic island of Newfoundland. The origin, however, lies in the dark. It is generally assumed that in the development of today's Newfoundland numerous European dogs that were brought by European fishermen on the island, were involved, who mixed with the dogs living on the island of Micmac and Beothuk Indians.
The Newfoundland, which was first mentioned by an English sea captain named Cartwright as " Newfoundland dog" in the 18th century, was used by the fishermen in Newfoundland as a working animal. The Newfoundland is a national animal symbol of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
The first recorded exhibition of Newfoundland dated to the year 1860 in Birmingham, the recognition of the breed by the AKC was in 1886, the same year as the first English breed club was founded.
Description
The Newfoundland is massive and has a strong body, well muscled; the expiration of his movements is well coordinated. The dense water repellent coat with strong but soft undercoat makes him seem even bigger.
The breed standard of the FCI allowed three color varieties: black, brown, and white-black. The home countries of England ( to 1949 Newfoundland was a colony of Great Britain ) and Canada have their own breed standards, some of which differ from the FCI.
Young white and black Newfoundland
In addition to the standard colors and color varieties occur, but which are not desirable in the breed. In the home country of Canada, the brown color variety does not meet the breed standard. In the U.S., the gray Newfoundland is standards compliant. Apart from the color gray, which is controlled by the Dilute gene and can lead to hair loss ( Blue -dog- syndrome ), the unwanted colors are safe.
From the white- black type, the breed developed Landseer.
Health
The Newfoundland is strongly affected by orthopedic genetic diseases and predispositions: hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia and cruciate ligament rupture are common in the breed before. As with other large breeds also the Newfoundland Dilated cardiomyopathy and bone cancer are often above average. Certain Newfoundland breeding lines also seem to need in their diet due to an inherited metabolic defect, a higher taurine content than other breeds. A possible link between taurine deficiency and cardiomyopathy is discussed.
As more genetic diseases and predispositions are described:
- Cystinuria
- Mitral stenosis and subaortic stenosis
- Myasthenia gravis
- Primary ciliary dyskinesia
The life expectancy of the breed is below average. On average, die 22% of Newfoundland before the age of five years and 42 % before the age of eight years, and 62 % are less than ten years old.
Use
The Newfoundland is described in the breed standard as a sledge dog for heavy loads and as a water dog.
In a report in the newspaper Illustrirten a "rescue Institute of drowning in Paris" it is said in 1845:
" As is known, the Newfoundland dog swims Race exquisite and can easily train at their great natural abilities, while her strong physique enables them move around quite a sizable load floating. On this basis, it has now built a rescue way, which one has already achieved significant success [ ... ] "
Nature
The Newfoundland is regarded as friendly, calm and balanced. Features such as aggression and fear are referred to as breed standard error.