O come, O come, Emmanuel

Veni, Veni, Emmanuel is a Christmas song that goes back to a paraphrase of five of the seven O Antiphons. The original Latin text was translated into various modern languages ​​( German, English, ...).

Text

In the beginning: Psalteriolum Cantionum Catholicarum

Although it is frequently read that there should have been in the 12th century, a strophic rhyme version of the antiphons, so is the earliest evidence of the text known today, the seventh edition of the hymnbook Psalteriolum Cantionum Catholicarum of John Heringsdorf, which in 1710 Cologne came out. Through its use in schools of the Jesuits, it was widespread and appeared well into the 19th century in new editions. The text combines five of the seven antiphons in a new order in the seventh and final of the antiphon invocations ( Emmanuel ) is placed at the beginning, with the refrain Gaude, gaude! Emmanuel te nascetur pro, Israel! ( Rejoice, Rejoice, Emmanuel is born for thee, O Israel ).

Veni, veni Emmanuel! Captivum solve Israel! Qui averaged in exilio, Privatus Dei Filio, Gaude, gaude, Emmanuel Nascetur per te, Israel. Veni o Jesse virgula! Ex hostis tuos ungula, De specu tuos tartari Educ, et antro barathri. Gaude, gaude, Emmanuel Nascetur per te, Israel. Veni, veni o oriens! Solare nos adveniens, Noctis depelle nebulas, Dirasque noctis tenebras. Gaude, gaude, Emmanuel Nascetur per te, Israel. Veni clavis Davidica! Regna reclude celiac, Fac iter Tutum Superum, Et claude vias inferum. Gaude, gaude, Emmanuel Nascetur per te, Israel. Veni, veni Adonai! Qui populo in Sinai Legem dedisti vertice, Gloriae In maiestate. Gaude, gaude, Emmanuel Nascetur per te, Israel.

Supplement

At an unknown date and by an unknown author, probably in the course of Cecilianism, two verses were added after the remaining two invocations of the O Antiphons. Currently Earliest evidence is Veni, o sapientia in Hermann Joseph Mohr's Cantiones sacrae of 1878.

Veni, O Sapientia, Quae hic disponis omnia, Veni, viam prudentiae Ut doceas et gloriae. Veni, Veni, Rex Gentium, Veni, Redemptor omnium, Ut salves tuos famulos Peccati sibi conscios.

German versions

O come, O come, Immanuel! Make free your poor Israel. In fear and misery we are, and imploring full of longing on to you. Rejoice, became thee, O Israel! Soon will come, soon comes Immanuel. O come, thou true light of the world, that our darkness is evident. We wander here in illusions and delusions, o lead us to the light rail. Rejoice, became thee, O Israel! Soon will come, soon comes Immanuel. O come, you lovely child of heaven, so noble and great, so mild-tempered. We seuzen deep in sin, guilt, o bring him your father's bounty. Rejoice, became thee, O Israel! Soon will come, soon comes Immanuel. O come, Savior, Son of God, and bring us grace ' of God's throne. The soul feels famine here; o Give us you alive bread. Rejoice, became thee, O Israel! Soon will come, soon comes Immanuel. O come, O come, God Sabaoth, you our refuge in all distress! With Jesse's new ruler's staff blowing away from us from the enemies! Rejoice, became thee, O Israel! Soon will come, soon comes Immanuel. O God with us, we have waited for thee, Come, enters into our midst. Sin closed the door of heaven you open it, we'll cheer. Rejoice, became thee, O Israel! Soon will come, soon comes Immanuel.

Oh, come, O come, Emmanuel, Make free your poor Israel! In hard misery is the case here, In tears it sighs to Thee Soon comes your salvation: Emmanuel. Frohlock and shout Israel! O come, O come, You light the world, That brightens all darkness. O come and lead from deceit and delusion Your Israel on right track. Soon comes your salvation: Emanuel. Frohlock and shout Israel. O come, O come, you child of heaven, The world 's salvation wins. Your Israel sighs deeply in debt, O bring him your father's bounty. Soon comes your salvation: Emanuel. Frohlock and shout Israel. O come, O come, you Son of God, To join earth from heaven 's throne! Lord, God and Savior emerges, O come to heaven's gate closing. Soon comes your salvation: Emanuel. Frohlock and shout Israel.

O come, O come, Emmanuel, mach frei Your poor Israel! In fear and misery we are and sigh, crying just for you Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon, Emmanuel. O come, O come, Emmanuel, mach frei Your poor Israel! With Jesse's new ruler's staff blowing away from us from the enemies. Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon, Emmanuel. O come, O come, Emmanuel, mach frei Your poor Israel! Arise, O Sun, with your glory, dispel the fog and the night. Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon, Emmanuel. O come, O come, Emmanuel, mach frei Your poor Israel! Down sidewalk with David's key schließauf, closing on the kingdom of heaven Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon, Emmanuel. O come, O come, Emmanuel, mach frei Your poor Israel! Come, Mighty God, God Sabaoth, Do your people free from every need! Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon, Emmanuel.

O come, O come, Emmanuel, after thee craves your Israel! in sin and misery we cry and imploring one, and imploring up to you. Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon Immanuel! O come, thou true light of the world, that our darkness is evident! Arise, O Sun, with your glory, pastime the fog and night Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon Immanuel! O come, awaited child of heaven, and rett us from the curse of sin! We all sigh in heavy debt, o bring us thy father's bounty! Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon Immanuel! O come, Savior, Son of God, and mercy bring us from his throne! With David's key down sidewalk, on closing, closing on the kingdom of heaven! Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon Immanuel! O come, O come, O God of hosts, do free your people from all distress! With Jesse's new ruler's staff blowing away from us from the enemies! Rejoice, became thee, O Israel, coming soon, coming soon Immanuel!

C. B. Verspoell

To the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century witnessed in the wake of the Enlightenment, the translation and re-creation of Catholic hymns in German language a flower. During this time, various ratios of Veni, veni Emmanuel came into German, including Hermann Ludwig Nadermann and Christoph Bernhard Verspoell. This is not so much about text faithful translations, but to transfer the spirit of the time. The version of Verspoell with a melody created from it enjoys today in the diocese of Münster great popularity. During the period of National Socialism was the singing of the song because of "Israel" in context to " in hard misery ... " to a confessional, which was noted in reports of the Gestapo. The song can be found today in the Münster region Alan slope of the praise of God as No. 902

Henry Bone

Henry Bone took one of the German variants that was ajar much closer to the Latin text and order of Emmanuel, Jesse's rod, Sun, David Key, Mighty God preserved, in his influential collection Cantate! ( 1st edition 1847) on.

Regardless, he created his own strophic version of all seven O antiphons in their original order (without the chorus ) beginning with the Lord send that you want to send. This version can be found today in praise of God attachment of the Archdiocese of Cologne under No. 831

Lord, send whom you want to send, by breastfeeding you all pity frees us with a strong hand and lead to the promised land! O wisdom from the mouth of the Most High, you umspannst the universe round and all steer with power and Council, Come, teach us your wisdom path! O Adonai, Mighty God, you gave Moses the commandment of thine on Sinai, in the firelight, stretching out his arm to befrein us! O root of Jesse, fixed by state, a sign to all the people and country, you leans prince and king size, Come soon, come soon and go buy us! O key of David, Scepter you, everything closes freely, and, lead us from captivity, errett us out of death -stick! O Sun of Righteousness, of the everlasting light, glory, go on, O Sun, and bright down in darkness and sin grave! O king whose awaits the world, you Eckstein, who unites and holds, Come on people, mild o ruler, and rett, O God, your own image! O God with us, Immanuel, O prince of the house of Israel, o desire of all nations you, Come, lead us to thy peace!

Fashioned multiple, this song stands today as Lord, send down to us your son in praise of God as No. 112

In the Swiss Catholic hymnal from 1998 stands as No. 304, a modern reworking of Bones siebenstrophiger seal with the beginning God, send down to us your son, which the editors with the refrain Hail, became was connected you.

Lord, send whom you want to send. By breastfeeding you all pity, The tears soon all our band and bring to the Promised Land. O wisdom from the mouth of the Most High, you umspannst the universe round and all steer with power and Council Come, teach us your wisdom path! O Adonai, Mighty God, thou thy commandment to Moses On mountains gave in Wetterdräun Stretching out his arm, given to free us! O root of Jesse, fixed by state, A sign for all the people and country You leans prince and king size Come back soon, come soon and go buy us! O key of David, Scepter you The everything closes freely up and to Come, lead us from death detention The streamlined all your people into darkness. O Sun of Righteousness, The eternal light glory, Arise, O Sun ', and bright down In darkness and the shadow grave. O king, shepherd in the League of Nations, You cornerstone in the world round, Come to people, mild o ruler, And rett, O God, your own image! O God with us, Emmanuel, You prince of the house of Israel, O desire of all nations you, Come, lead us to thy peace!

Otmar Schulz

Otmar Schulz 1975 created its own version with the initial O come, O come, thou morning star, reveals the only motivic echoes of the Latin original. She was admitted to the Protestant hymnal (EC 19).

English versions

John Mason Neale took over 1851 fünfstrophige Latin version, which he had gotten probably mediated by Daniels Thesaurus Hymnologicus, in his collection Hymni ecclesiae. In the same year he published in Mediæval hymns and sequences a first English translation beginning with the Draw nigh, draw nigh, Emmanuel. This he revised for The Hymnal Noted; In 1861 appeared a further revision in the Hymns Ancient and Modern, now with the initial O come, O come Emmanuel. Thomas Alexander Lacey (1853-1931) created in 1906 for The English Hymnal, a new version that was but rezipiert limited.

Draw nigh, draw nigh, Emmanuel, And ransom captive Israel That mourns in lonely exile here, Until the Son of God Appear; Rejoice! rejoice! Emmanuel Shall be born for thee, O Israel! Draw nigh, O Jesse 's Rod, draw nigh, To free us from the enemy; From Hell 's infernal pit to save, And give us victory o'er the grave. Rejoice! rejoice! Emmanuel Shall be born, for thee, O Israel! Draw nigh, Thou Orient, Who shalt cheer And comfort by Thine advent here, And banish far the brooding gloom Of sinful night and endless doom. Rejoice! rejoice! Emmanuel Shall be born for thee, O Israel! Draw nigh, draw nigh, O David 's Key, The Heavenly gate will ope to Thee; Make safe the way did Leada on high, And close the path to misery. Rejoice! rejoice! Emmanuel Shall be born for thee, O Israel! Draw nigh, draw nigh, O Lord of Might, Who to Thy tribes from Sinai 's height In ancient time didst give the Law, In cloud and majesty and awe. Rejoice! rejoice! Emmanuel Shall be bom for thee, O Israel!

O COME, O come, Emmanuel, And ransom captive Israel That mourns in lonely exile here, Until the Son of God Appear. Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel. O come, Thou Rod of Jesse, free Thine own from Satan's tyranny; From depths of hell Thy people save, And give them victory o'er the grave. Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel. O come, Thou Dayspring, from on high, And cheer us by Thy drawing nigh; Disperse the gloomy clouds of night, And death's dark shadows put to flight. Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel. O come, Thou Key of David, come And open wide our heav'nly home; Make safe the way did leads on high, And close the path to misery. Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel. O come, Adonai, Lord of might, Who to Thy tribes, on Sinai 's height, In ancient times didst give the law In cloud and majesty and awe. Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel.

O come, O come, Emmanuel! Redeem thy captive Israel That into exile drear is gone, Far from the face of God's dear Son Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel. O come, thou Branch of Jesse! draw The quarry from the lion 's claw; From the dread caverns of the grave, From nether light, thy people save. Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel. O come, O come, thou Dayspring bright! Pour on our souls thy healing light; Dispel the long night 's lingering gloom, And pierce the shadows of the tomb. Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel. O Come, thou Lord of David 's Key! The royal door fling wide and free; Safeguard for us the heavenward road, And bar the way to death 's abode. Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel. O come, O come, Adonai, Who in thy glorious majesty From high mountain clothed in awe did, Gavest thy folk the elder Law. Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel Shall come to thee, O Israel.

In the early 20th century, the fünfstrophige replaced by two stanzas with the missing invocations after the O Antiphons ( wisdom and desire of nations ) has been added. Especially the version of Henry Sloane Coffin, which appeared in 1916, until today, although sometimes with changes, use:

O come, Thou Wisdom from on high, And order all things, far and nigh; To us the path of knowledge show, And cause us in her ways to go. O come, Desire of nations, bind All peoples in one heart and mind; Bid envy, strife and quarrels cease; Fill the whole world with heaven's peace.

1940 appeared the first time in an official version siebenstrophige Hymnal, the Hymnal of the Episcopal Church of the United States of America. In the currently used English-language hymnals, there are a variety of four-to achttrophigen variants. Typical is the version in the Hymnal 1982 of the Episcopal Church: There are eight stanzas with Emmanuel as the first and last verse. From this version six lines date from the English original version of Neale, nine from the version of the Hymns Ancient & Modern, eleven ( including the two supplementary stanzas ) from the Hymnal 1940, and two lines at the beginning of the fourth stanza ( O come, thou Branch of Jesse 's tree, free them from Satan's tyranny ) were re-edited for this edition.

Melodies

With the scheme 88 88 88 88, the song can be sung in different tunes. Has the version of Verspoell own, which is sung to this day in the Diocese of Münster, which is usually by Bone on a melody from JBC Schmidts ': collection of hymns for catholic high schools ( Dusseldorf 1836) sung that has found its way into the diocesan hymnals and regional editions of the praise of God. About Johann Baptist Singenberger this tune found its way over the Atlantic and is used to this day in Catholic parishes and communities in the United States. In praise of God attachment of the Archdiocese of Cologne, under No. 829, there is a melody of CF Ackens (Aachen, 1841).

Bones refrain loose Version Lord, send us your son is joined in the praise of God with a melody from the Andernacher Hymns (Cologne 1608) down, but can also to the melody of the hymn Conditor alme siderum ( Kempten to 1000) are sung.

In the United States, O come, O come, Emmanuel, in some Lutheran hymnals also been sung to the tune St. Petersburg by Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnianski ( in Germany known I pray in the power of love and the grand tattoo ). Another tune that is found in some hymnals, Charles Gounod is attributed.

At the most influential, however, was the melody that Thomas Helmore the song in 1851 were annexed in the Hymnal Noted. He provided them with the note from a French Missal in the National Library in Lisbon. However, this source has not been demonstrated to date. For decades, therefore, considered speculation Helmore have the melody perhaps even composed until the British canoness and Hymnologin Mary Berry in 1966 in the French National Library, a manuscript from the 15th century took place in which the melody is. This is a compiled by Franciscan nuns processional with songs for burial. The melody used by Helmore where it is used for a series of two -part tropics to responsory Libera me from the Requiem.

But there is no evidence that the tune was ever sung before Helmore to Veni, Veni, Emmanuel. Nevertheless, there are several modern sets that combine the melody with the Latin text, so by Zoltán Kodály and Jan -Åke Hillerud ( b. 1939 ).

In the Catholic Hymns Switzerland ( KG 304) and in the hymnal of the Evangelical Reformed churches of German Switzerland (RG 362 ), both from 1998, Bones, God will send down to us your son with the refrain Rejoice connected to this version to be able to sing the French melody.

The composer James Macmillan wrote in 1991 a concerto for percussion and orchestra on the subject, which was premiered during the 1992 Proms in London.

Arvo Pärt cited in his Symphony No. 3 of 1977, the melody. His Seven Magnificat Antiphons, however, are not connected to the German text of the O Antiphons with the song.

In the current popular music

2008 published the singers Enya and Loreena McKennitt own interpretations of the song on their albums And Winter Came ... or A Midwinter Night 's Dream

The rock group U2 used the melody of the song in their song White as Snow from the album No Line on the Horizon.

The band Theocracy has the song transformed into a metal version in their song O Come Emmanuel.

The American punk rock band Bad Religion took a punk rock version of the song on their album for Christmas songs.