Oberdöbling

Oberdöbling was a separate municipality until 1892 and is now a part of Vienna in the 19th district of Vienna Dobling and one of the 89 Vienna Katastralgemeinden.

• 5.1 history
• 5.2 Church building
• 5.3 Cemeteries

Geography

Oberdöbling located in the south of the municipality. The cadastral district covers an area of ​​241.20 hectares in the north Oberdöbling adjacent to the parts of the district Sievering and Unterdöbling to Krottenbach. The eastern boundaries are formed to the district part of the Holy City Barawitzkagasse and Heiligenstädterstraße and to the municipality Alsergrund by former Linienwall. South borders Oberdöbling to the district Waehring and east to the Döblinger part of the same cadastral Waehring. Originally focused on the field of Oberdöbling the settlement Hart. However, the deserted village disappeared in the 14th century. The center of Oberdöbling developed along the present Hofzeile.

History

Origin of the name

Dobling was first mentioned in 1114 as de Teopilic documented. Its name derives from the Slavic, where Toplica " swampy waters " means and refers to the location on Krottenbach. Another possible interpretation is derived from the old Slavic Toplice, "warm stream " from. Later spellings of the name were, for example Toblich, Töbling and Tepling.

Dobling to the church split

The residents of Dobling were initially almost exclusively farmers who produced mainly for their own consumption. For the sale was wine, but also cultivated cereals. In addition, fruits, vegetables and dairy products were produced. From the 12th century was under Dobling the noble family of the von Topolic, after which it came to the Dominican convent Tulln and is named in 1310 as a village of women of Tulln. Then from the settlement arose independent villages that were separated by the Krottenbach. Unterdöbling was initially the name Chrottendorf, only in the 15th century, the name Unterdöbling should have arisen. The separation of the two places is 1591 first mentioned.

Oberdöbling to the 18th century

A private seal of the village has survived from 1694. It shows Saint James with the inscription Sigil of Gemain Oberdöbling 1694th The second Turkish siege of Vienna hit the spot hard. 1689, six years after the Battle of Vienna, vineyards were 850 district just 50 built and the place remained for a long time small. Beginning of the 18th century Oberdöbling was still a bit smaller than the adjacent Unterdöbling. As in 1713, the plague arrived in the place Oberdöbling escaped relatively unscathed. Only 5 of the 31 houses were contaminated, 13 people died. 1721 was Oberdöbling of three lines, the Hofzeile (now the upper right part of the Döblinger main street), the Church line (now the left part of Hofzeile ) and the stream line at Krottenbach (now the right part of Hofzeile ). In total, there were just 39 houses. Through the use of the district area as an imperial hunting ground Oberdöbling but was also attractive for the nobility and the citizens of Vienna. Those who could afford it, here built himself a "second residence ". Similar to Hietzing, which benefited from the proximity of the Schönbrunn Palace, here the foundation was laid for a special development of the suburb. Between 1765 and 1786 five new roads created in Oberdöbling. Today these are the Döblinger main road, Heiligenstädterstraße, Pyrkergasse, Pokornygasse and Billrothstrasse. After that, the place grew to a new district, which included the Gymnasiumstrasse that Hardtgasse and Pyrkergasse. This new Dobling called the district was marked by the homeowner wealth, while Alt- Dobling had an irregular buildings with partially still many hovels.

Oberdöbling to the incorporation in 1892

However, after growth accelerated. 1780 were in Oberdöbling already 136 houses with 932 inhabitants. This growth was in the aftermath but back again. Thus, the number of houses increased 1822-1835 from 188 only to 202 houses with 1,550 inhabitants. Last owner of the manorial system of Oberdöbling was Anton Edler von Wirth, who Oberdöbling had in 1824 acquired the basic authority of the Imperial State Farms Administration. He exercised the lordship over Sievering. Middle of the 19th Century began in Oberdöbling by a massive construction boom. In 1853 there were 4,229 inhabitants in 323 houses, 1890 14,460 inhabitants in 567 houses. 1858 gas flames were introduced for street lighting in Oberdöbling. The gas supply took an English company, which built in 1856, a gas station in the area Gymnasiumstraße - Billrothstraße. In 1892 was formed from Oberdöbling together with Unterdöbling and the suburbs Grinzing, the Kahlenbergerdorf Nußdorf and Heiligenstadt, Sievering and Josefsdorf the 19th district of Vienna ( = Dobling ).

Economy

In contrast to the surrounding villages, the wine has already played at the beginning of the 19th century no major role in more Oberdöbling. Much more important were the arable and fruit farming. More than half of the corridor area was covered by farmland, more than ten percent of orchards. By contrast, the wine took only about seven percent of the area to complete. Already in 1754 settled in Oberdöbling a velvet, silk and thin cloth factory, which initially employed up to 100 workers. 1790 worked there even 300 people. At the confluence of the Arbesbaches and Krottenbaches a hammer mill was founded in 1783. Döblinger the brewery, which was founded in 1833 as a branch operation of Gaudenzdorfer brewery and was acquired in 1856 by the owners of the Ottakringerstraße brewery became known. After the destruction of the brewery in the Second World War, it was built in the Kopenhagenhof. In Oberdöbling developed in the 19th century other important establishments to 1867, existed until 1968 " United ink factories Hartmann and mediators" in the Gatterburggasse 8, which was renamed later as the " coolie work". One of the most famous manufacturing Döbling today is the sparkling wine Kattus.

Culture

The first theater was established in 1835 Oberdöbling Döblinger in the deconsecrated St. John's Chapel corner of Main Street / Hofzeile. In 1859 they moved the actors after the sale of the building to the Sisters of the Poor Child Jesus to the theater inn " Wendl " at Währinger Spitz, which had a summer arena and auditorium. They played rough antics, but also pieces by Johann Nepomuk Nestroy. As a beginner, here even played Alexander Girardi and Max Reinhardt. Between 1881 and 1888 remained of fire regulations in the theater closed in 1893 came for the entire inn the corner. Of importance was in Oberdöbling also the casino " finger " in which Josef Lanner and Johann Strauss (father) gave concerts. The casino, however, had in 1840, presumably from competition to the adjacent casino Zögernitz ( Döblinger main road 76), close. Established in 1837, this has become one of the most popular casinos in Vienna, Strauss and Lanner were now on here. In the 1960s the building was converted into a hotel and restaurant. Today in Oberdöbling is the most important museum of the district, the district museum Dobling, which was housed in the Villa Wertheimstein.

Religion

History

A church was mentioned in Dobling the first time in 1267, a continuous existence of a parish church, however, is detectable only from the 15th century.

Church building

Oberdöbling belongs to the parish Dobling, which in turn belongs to the 19th Stadtdekanant in Vienna. Besides the central Döblinger parish church also houses the convent of the Sisters of the Poor Child Jesus in Oberdöbling. Besides educational institutions This also includes the monastery church and the Holy Family Convent Chapel.

Cemeteries

The old cemetery was originally Döblinger in Unterdöbling and was abandoned in 1927. Here there were, among others, the graves of Johann Strauss (father) and Joseph Lanner, whose remains were reburied at the Vienna Central Cemetery. The two grave stones was involved in the after 1927 designed on the grounds Strauss - Lanner Park. Furthermore, were buried in the cemetery Nikolaus Lenau, Ludwig Boltzmann and Johann Nepomuk Berger, who were buried in tombs to honor other cemeteries. The New Döblinger cemetery was then built in Oberdöbling on the border with Glanzing and Waehring. Here are the tombs of important families of the district as Wertheimstein, Zacherl, Graef or Kattus. Furthermore, Theodor Herzl, Wilhelm Miklas, Robert von Lieben and Ferdinand von Saar found their final resting here. Further south, on the border with the county Waehring, today is also the remaining portion of the Israelite cemetery in Oberdöbling, the Jewish cemetery Waehring. He is the last remnant of abandoned Währinger cemetery.

Education

Almost all high schools of the district are located in the district Dobling part Oberdöbling. In Oberdöbling the GRG 19 and the GRW 19 lie in the Billrothstraße, the gymnasium and Wirtschaftskundliche secondary school of the Sisters of the Child from the arms of Jesus in the Hofzeile, the Bundesrealgymnasium Vienna 19 in the Krottenbachstraße and the GRW 19 and BG 19 in the high school road.

Personalities

• Joseph of Henikstein (1768-1838), banker and art patron, father of Alfred von Henikstein
• Friedrich Engel - Jánosi (1893-1978), historian
• Alfred von Henikstein (1810-1882), the highest-ranking Jewish ( baptized a Catholic ) officer in the history of Austria
• Wilhelm August Rieder (1796-1880), painter, draftsman and lithographer