Orthosiphon

Orthosiphon aristatus

Orthosiphon, sometimes called cat's whiskers, is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family ( Lamiaceae). The 40 to 45 species are distributed in tropical Asia, from the tropical to the southern Africa and northeastern Australia.

  • 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

The Orthosiphon species grow as perennial herbaceous plants or subshrubs. The roots are often thick and can become woody. The constantly against arranged leaves are simple and perforated.

Inflorescences, flowers and fruits

The terminal, aged men or paniculate inflorescences consisting of total two to zwölfblütigen, hosts then part inflorescences and bracts. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and fünfzählig double perianth. The five colored in intense colors sepals are fused more or less wide Roehrig and form a double lip cup. The upper lip is formed from four sepals. The calyx increases with fruit maturity. The five white or reddish to purple petals are fused into a double lip crown. The upper lip is formed from three or four petals. The lower lip has a smooth edge and is concave. There are only four stamens present; the two pairs are of different lengths and the stamens are free. Two carpels are fused into a superior ovaries. The stylus is spherical. The fruit is divided into four more or less spherical part fruit.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Orthosiphon 1830 was established by George Bentham in Edwards 's Botanical Register. Synonyms for Orthosiphon Benth. are: Nautochilus Bremek, Clerodendranthus Kudo. . The genus belongs to the tribe Orthosiphon Ocimeae in the subfamily Nepetoideae within the Lamiaceae family.

The 40 to 45 species are of course in tropical Asia, spreading from tropical to the southern Africa and northeastern Australia.

The genus Orthosiphon contains about 40 to 45 species:

  • Orthosiphon adenocaulis AJPaton & Hedge: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon allenii ( CHWright ) Codd: The range extends from the tropical southern Africa to Tanzania.
  • Orthosiphon argenteus AJPaton & Hedge: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume ) Miq. , The two varieties are spread from tropical to sub-tropical Asia and northern Australia.
  • Orthosiphon biflorus AJPaton & Hedge: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon brachystemon Deflers
  • Orthosiphon Bullous Chiov. The home is Somalia.
  • Orthosiphon cladotrichos Gürke: The home is Tanzania.
  • Orthosiphon cuanzae ( IMJohnst. ) AJPaton: The home is Angola.
  • Orthosiphon discolor AJPaton & Hedge: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon ellipticus AJPaton & Hedge: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon exilis AJPaton & Hedge: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon ferrugineus Balf. f: It is endemic to Socotra.
  • Orthosiphon fruticosus Codd: It occurs only in the South African provinces of Limpopo and Mpumalanga.
  • Orthosiphon glandulosus CECFisch. The home is in Assam and Thailand only Ranong.
  • Orthosiphon hanningtonii ( Baker) AJPaton: The home is Kenya and Tanzania.
  • Orthosiphon humbertii Danguy: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon Benth incurvus. The range extends from the Himalayas to Myanmar.
  • Orthosiphon lanatus Doan ex Suddee & AJPaton: The home is Vietnam.
  • Orthosiphon miserabilis AJPaton & Hedge: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon newtonii Briq. The home is Angola.
  • Orthosiphon nigripunctatus G.Taylor: The home is Angola and Zambia.
  • Orthosiphon pallidus Royle ex Benth. ( Syn: Ocimum reflexum Ehrenb ex Schweinf, Orthosiphon ehrenbergii Vatke, Orthosiphon reflexus ( Ehrenb. ex Schweinf ) Vatke, Orthosiphon inodorus KDKoenig ex Hook f, Orthosiphon incisus A.Chev, Orthosiphon macrocheilus MRAshby. .. .. ): The range extends from Africa to India spread.
  • Orthosiphon parishii Prain: The homeland is Myanmar and Thailand.
  • Orthosiphon parvifolius Vatke: The range extends from southern Ethiopia to Tanzania.
  • Orthosiphon pseudoaristatus Suddee: The home is Thailand.
  • Orthosiphon robustus Hook. f: It occurs only in Assam.
  • Orthosiphon rotundifolius Doan ex Suddee & AJPaton: The home is Thailand and Vietnam.
  • Orthosiphon ruber AJPaton & Hedge: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon rubicundus ( D.Don ) Benth. The range extends from the Himalayas to Indochina and Hainan.
  • Orthosiphon sarmentosus AJPaton & Hedge: The home is Madagascar.
  • Orthosiphon Benth scapiger. The range extends from the Himalayas to Myanmar.
  • Orthosiphon scedastophyllus AJPaton: The home is Tanzania and Mozambique.
  • Orthosiphon Benth schimperi. They is widespread in tropical and southern Africa.
  • Orthosiphon schliebenii AJPaton: The home is southern Tanzania.
  • Orthosiphon thymiflorus ( Roth) Sleesen ( Syn: Ocimum thymiflorum Roth, Plectranthus thymiflorus ( Roth) Spreng, Ocimum triste Roth, Plectranthus tristis ( Roth) Spreng, Ocimum thonningii Thonn, Ocimum suffrutescens Schumach, Orthosiphon glabratus Benth, Orthosiphon. .. .. viscosus Benth., Orthosiphon glabratus var africanus Benth., Orthosiphon tomentosus var parviflorus Benth., Orthosiphon petiolaris Miq. , Plectranthus marmoritis Hance, Orthosiphon australis Vatke, Orthosiphon coloratus Vatke, Orthosiphon somalensis Vatke, Orthosiphon tomentosus var glabratus ( Benth. ) Hook f., Orthosiphon tomentosus var rubiginosus CBClarke ex Hook f., Orthosiphon tomentosus var viscosus ( Benth. ) Hook f., Orthosiphon sinensis Hemsl. , Orthosiphon heterochrous Briq. , Orthosiphon iodocalyx Briq. , Orthosiphon roseus Briq. , Orthosiphon usambarensis Gürke, Orthosiphon calaminthoides Baker, Orthosiphon mollis Baker, Orthosiphon stuhlmannii Gürke, Orthosiphon wilmsii Gürke, Orthosiphon liebrechtsiauum Briq. , Orthosiphon hildebrandtii Baker nom. illeg. , Orthosiphon longipes Baker, Orthosiphon mombasicus Baker, Orthosiphon inconcinnus Briq. , Orthosiphon neglectus Briq. , Orthosiphon viatorum S.Moore, Orthosiphon merkeri Gürke, Orthosiphon rabaiensis S.Moore, Orthosiphon rabaiensis parvifolia var S.Moore, Orthosiphon buryi S. Moore, Orthosiphon silvicola Gürke, Plectranthus bolusii T.Cooke, Orthosiphon marmoritis ( Hance ) Dunn, Orthosiphon chevalieri Briq. , Orthosiphon tenuifrons Briq. , Orthosiphon glabratus var parviflorus ( Benth. ) Gamble, Orthosiphon thymiflorus var viscosus ( Benth. ) Sleesen, Orthosiphon suffrutescens ( Schumach. ) JKMorton ): This species is listed in the literature usually under one of their many synonyms. It is spread from Africa to the tropical Asia.
  • Orthosiphon truncatus Doan ex Suddee & AJPaton: The home is southern Vietnam.
  • Orthosiphon vernalis Codd: It is endemic in Swaziland.
  • Orthosiphon violaceus Briq. It comes in Angola only in Huila.
  • Orthosiphon wattii Prain: It occurs only in Assam.
  • Orthosiphon wulfenioides ( Diels ) Hand. - Mazz. Thrives in forests and on hills at altitude 800-2900 meters in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan.

Use

Some species of the genus Orthosiphon include phytotherapy to aquaretics. The ingredients are lipophilic flavones, essential oil and about 3% potassium salts. The properties are spasmolytic, anti-inflammatory and mild aquaretischer nature.

Swell

  • Xi -wen Li & Ian C. Hedge: Lamiaceae: Orthosiphon, pp. 298 - text the same online as printed work, In: Wu Zheng -yi and Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China, Volume 17 - Verbenaceae through Solanaceae ', Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1994. ISBN 0-915279-24- X
  • Specifications for Nina Davies, Gemma Bramley & Don Kirkup: Interactive Key to the genera of Lamiaceae from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Asterids Ovary (botany) Agricultural Research Service
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