Pazardzhik
Pazardzhik [ pazɐrdʒik ] ( Bulgarian Пазарджик from Turkish Pazarcık ) is a town in central Bulgaria, situated on the Maritsa in the middle of the Upper Thracian Plain. It is the center of the homonymous municipality and the province Pazardjik.
- 4.1 Pazardzhik
- 4.2 Town twinning
- 4.3 Education
- 5.1 Special Structures
- 5.2 Church building
Geography
The region is traditionally used for agriculture due to the favorable climate and fertile soil, and is considered a vegetable and fruit growing region. Main crops in addition to corn are tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, watermelons, tobacco and wine, besides also peaches, cherries and cotton.
History
After the conquest of Bosnia ( 1463 ) by the Ottoman Empire ( Bulgaria was visited in 1396 conquered ), a caravan route between Sarajevo and Konstantin Opel over Pristina, Skopje, Kyustendil and Samokov was established. The caravan road then met the "Great highway " Via Militaris. At the junction of the two roads Tatar Pazarcik was founded in 1485 to a colony of Tartars from Bessarabia is known about the little, except that they were in the service of the Ottoman Empire.
Tatar Pazarcik was regional in the 16th century the center of a Kaaza, but suffered from near Plovdiv, which represented a traditional regional metropolis. It was still a flourishing trade center: iron from Samokov, wood from the Rhodope Mountains and rice, the cultivation of which had been introduced in the 16th century in the region. The merchandise was sent usually via raft and ships along the Maritsa river to to Edirne and the Aegean Sea. 1540, the Eski Mosque was completed. Today it is the oldest surviving structure in the city.
Located on a main axis was Tatar Pazarcik by numerous travelers, as a village ( Scheper, 1533), as Palanka ( Schweiger, 1577) or described as a city ( Kuripešič, 1530; Vrancic, 1567). In 1578 Stephen Gerlach counted no more than 30 houses of Christians, however, had no church or priest. Everyone admired the 1574 loot of Damat İbrahim Pasha Caravanserai Kurschum chan, which had an elegant fountain. Evliya Çelebi For the city had 16 Machallas and 870 houses. 1664 a clock tower ( Sahat - Kula ) was built. From the 16th century, the Pasha hamam comes.
From the 18th century the Bulgarian population increased significantly. 1741 erected a new clock tower. The city was in 18-19. Century an important craft and trade center and a spiritual center of the Bulgarian Revival.
As part of the Tanzimat reforms of 1834 a Bulgarian municipality was formed which in 1837 Sweta - Bogorodiza Church ( Mother of God Church ) was built with its carved iconostasis, the work of masters of the famous Debar School. Stojan Sachariew, a son of the city, reported that she was divided in the 1860s in 33 Machallas. There were at that time 3,420 houses, 1,200 shops, 19 mosques, 6 churches, 1 synagogue and 4 public baths. Next, there were 8 and 6 Turkish Bulgarian schools as well as one Jewish, valachische and an Armenian school.
1862 Tschitalischte Wide Lina was opened. 1865 had Pazardzhik to 25,000 inhabitants, where the Bulgarians with 57% constituted the majority. 1869 Vasil Levski here a revolutionary committee of the Inner Revolutionary Organization (IRO ). In the 19th century trade goods were also Pazarcik the spun cloth ( aba ) and the Cord ( Gajtan ) supplements. Each year the Mara fair was held June 30 to August 15 here. In 1873, Tatar Pazarcik was connected to the Ottoman railway network and it ran trains to Constantinople Opel (Istanbul ) and the port Dedeaghač.
In January 1878, the city in the wake of the " Russian-Turkish Liberation War " of 1877/78 was burned on the orders of Suleiman Pasha, supreme commander of the Turkish military operations in the Balkans. As a result, the majority of the Turkish population left the city. On 14 February 1878 formally ended the Ottoman Turkish rule over the city. After the Congress of Berlin, however, Pazardzhik was again part of the Ottoman Empire and incorporated into the autonomous province of Eastern Rumelia until its union (1885 ) with the Principality of Bulgaria. In the 1884 census and Eastern Rumelia Pazardzhik had 15,425 inhabitants. In Eastern Rumelia, however, the rice cultivation had been banned, which mainly affected the rice growers of Pazardzhik region. 1900, the city had 17,000 inhabitants, including 2,000 Turks and 1,000 Muslim Gypsies.
In 1923 the town had only four mosques. The town was until 1934 the name Tatar Pazarcik ( " Tatar small market " ) as it was renamed in Pazardzhik. She was the Rhodopenbahn in the past beginning station. Furthermore, the city is the starting point for the lying in the vicinity of mountain resorts Peschtera, Velingrad, Dospat and the historic town of Batak.
Population
Population structure
In spring 2011, was the date last census, which was the first after the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union at the same time. Since she succumbed to EU requirements, there was the possibility questions about ethnic and religious affiliation as well as the mother tongue can not be answered. Only 66 397 citizens Pasardschiks answered the question of ethnicity, 57 332 of them described themselves as Bulgarians, Turks as 4822, 3423 as Roma and 325 reported another ethnicity.
The Roma community ( Chorohan and Kalajdschi ) and a modest share of Pomaks, which originally came from the Rhodope Mountains represent Islam.
Population Development
The changing population figures result partly from the respective territorial status.
The figures come from:
- Censuses (¹ )
- Estimates ( ²) or
- Official updates of the statistical offices (³).
Sons and daughters of the town
- Stojan GANEV (* 1955), Foreign Minister of Bulgaria
- Kimon Georgiev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria
- Aleksandar Stambolijski, Prime Minister of Bulgaria
- Teodor Trajanow, Bulgarian poet
- Vladimir Mantschew, Bulgarian footballer
- Ilijan Yordanov (* 1989), Bulgarian footballer
Policy
Pazardzhik
The city council of Pazardzhik acts as council and is responsible for the control of all mayor of localities responsible. To Pazardzhik ( Bulgarian Община Пазарджик / Obschtina Pazardzhik ) still belong next to the town of Pazardzhik following villages:
- Aleko Konstantinovo
- Aprilzi
- Brataniza
- Chadschiewo
- Gelemenowo
- Glawiniza
- Gowedare
- Debraschtiza
- Dobrowniza
- Dragor
- Swunitschewo
- Ivaylo
- Junazite
- Krali Marko
- Lajchowo
- Malo Konare
- Mirjanzi
- Mokrischte
- Owtschepolzi
- Ognyanovo
- Pataleniza
- Pischtogowo
- Roses
- Saraya
- Sbor
- Sinitowo
- Topoli dol
- Tsar Asen
- Zrantscha
- Tschernogorowo
- Welitschkowo
Twinning
Pazardzhik maintains a partnership with the following cities:
- Aerodrome, Macedonia
- Salt, Jordan
- Stavropol, Russia
- Tatabánya, Hungary
- West Bend, Wisconsin, United States
Education
In all types of schools Pazardzhik Bulgaria exist. The Language School " Bertolt Brecht " is a member of the "Schools: Partners for the Future ". In addition, there are a College of Agriculture, an educator, and a branch of the Music Faculty of Paisij - Chilendarski University Plovdiv
Culture and sights
Special Structures
- Clock Tower from Pazardzhik
- Historical Museum
- House Museum Konstantin Welitschkow
- Stanislaw Dospevski Memorial Museum in a house built in 1864 house of the artist and the History Museum.
- Theatre Konstantin Welitschkow
- Culture House and Library " Videlina " ( Bulgarian Читалище " Виделина " ) Standort42.187524.329162