Philadelphia soul

Under Phillysound (short for Philadelphia Sound, also called " Philadelphia Soul" called ) is a style of soul music understood that has been produced since 1971 in the Sigma Sound Studios Philadelphia with a uniform sound stereotype by Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff.

Formation

Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff had known each other since 1964, when they met in Philadelphia's Schubert Theatre in the elevator. Since then, they wrote - separately or together - music tracks that can not be expected to Phillysound. These were still human and technical requirements to create. For the technical basis provided a recording studio, which was founded by the engineer Joseph Tarsia in August 1968 as Sigma Sound Studios in Philadelphia. The first recording session at Sigma Sound Studio took place on August 5, 1968 instead of the Delfonics, the La La Means her hit I Love You grossed here ( Philly Groove # 150). This worked well with those persons who would be for the further development of Phillysound important. Producer Thom Bell was, they were accompanied by Norman Harris ( guitar) and Ronnie Baker ( bass), Vince Montana ( vibes ) and Don Renaldos violin and Sam Reed's brass section. Up to Gamble / Huff here all the ingredients of the later Phillysound had come together, so that the million-seller can be called the first recording of Phillysound.

When Jerry Butler LP The Iceman Cometh ( September 1968 ) additional components of the later Phillisound clashed. Tarsia was sound engineer in Sigma Sound Studio, produced Gamble / Huff, Bobby Martin and Thom Bell arranged. Was accompanied Jerry Butler by Roland Chambers and Dennis Harris ( guitar), Steve Gold / Dexter Wansel / Leon Huff (keyboards), Derek Graves / Michael " Sugar Bear " Foreman / Ronnie Baker ( bass), Vince Montana ( vibes ), Billy Johnson / Charles Collins / Earl Young ( drums) and David Cruse ( congas ); a violin (from Don Renaldo ) and a horn section ( Sam Reed ) with a background choir (Barbara Ingram, Carla Benson and Evette Benton ) completed the recording. The recorded on September 7, 1968 Only the Strong Survive Message song was from the album, was completed in only one take and 20 minutes recording time. Following the publication in January 1969, he entwicktelte for the second million-seller of the recording studio and the Phillysound (Rank 1 Rhythm & Blues charts, Rank 4 Pop ).

Record label Phillysound

Until now, the Phillysound attributable records were released on the more nationally known label Philly Groove, Gamble Records, Neptune Records or the nationally marketed Mercury Records. The first publication of the catalog Neptune in June 1969 were with The O'Jays One Night Affair, created in Sigma Sound Studio; However, the title received little public through lack of airplay because of the risky text.

Another tactical step was the creation of the record label Philadelphia International Records (PIB ), which was launched in February 1971 by Gamble / Huff launched and sold nationally by CBS Records. The label evolved as the Phillysound, which began in 1971 a variety of artists in its catalog platform.

Gamble and Huff recruited beyond 1971 a band of more than 30 local studio musicians who accompanied the performers and MFSB ( Mother, Father, Sister, Brother) called. The core Roland Chambers / Norman Harris / Bobby Eli belonged (guitar), Vince Montana ( vibes ), Ronnie Baker ( bass), Lenny Pakula ( organ) and Earl Young ( drums). The MFSB studio musician and said violins and brass sections revealed a soft, opulent Soundmixtur with high recognition value, often illustrated by the special way of playing the open and closed hi-hat. Drummer Earl Young used for the hi -hat beat pattern that he previously on a plate of Fantastic Johnny C; had heard ( Waitin 'For The Rain January 1973). Young accented off- beats through an open hi-hat, the hissing sound dominated the Phillysound. It is produced by striking the pool in the open state with immediate closing, making the sound "cut off" is.

Achievements

With this combination of studio, studio musicians and constant producer, author and Arrangeursstab masse emerged hits. The first single of the catalog Gideon Smith came up with the title Arkansaw Wife (PIR 3501) in March 1971 on the market, also not in the hit parade came as the following 15 singles. First hit one year after the establishment of the label was I Miss You by Harold Melvin & The Blue Notes (PIR 3516) in March 1972, which reached to Rank 7 on the R & B charts. For the first number -one hit of the catalog is Back Stabbers developed over sneaky types of the O'Jays (May 1972 PIR 3517 ) in the R & B singles chart at the same time also the first million-seller of the new label, on September 1, 1972, a golden record excellent. For the first pop hit was Billy Paul's ballad about a problematic love triangle Me And Mrs. Jones ( September 1972 PIB 3521 ), which won a Grammy Award. Another million-seller brought Harold Melvin & The Blue Notes with If You Do not Know me by Now in September 1972 (PIB 3520) on the market. In January 1973 appeared the instrumental version of MFSB Family Affair ( with Huff on electric piano; PIB 3528 ) that provided the instrumental skills this studio band to the test. Another Instrumentalhit provided the group with TSOP ( The Sound of Philadelphia ) in February 1974 from (PIB 3540 ), which became the theme song of the Phillysound and the nationally syndicated U.S. TV music show Soul Train. Typical Phillysound was the million-seller When Will I See You Again from the girl trio The Three Degrees (PIB 3550), which came on the market in September 1974, has already been awarded on December 9, 1974 gold. The hit was sold over 2 million copies. Other million -sellers helped the record label, People's Choice and Do it Anyway You Wanna ( August 1975 PIB 3500), the O'Jays I Love Music ( October 1975; PIB 3577 ), Teddy Pendergrass and Close the Door ( May 1978 PIB 3648 ) and McFadden & Whitehead Is not No stoppin with ' Us Now ( March 1979 PIB 3681 ). The latter received with worldwide 8 million copies sold platinum on 27 July 1979. Artists The Gene McFadden and John Whitehead worked since May 1972 as additional producers, composers and arrangers for PIR. From 1980, the success of the label subsided, the Phillysound was reinforced the forerunner of the disco music, which eventually supplanted him.

Other representatives of the Phillysounds (if the article does not mention )

Earl Young (athlete) Beat (music)#On-beat and off-beat Cymbal John Whitehead (singer) The Intruders (music group) The Real Thing (UK band)
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