Phocaea
Template: Infobox city in Turkey / Maintenance / County
Foça is a Turkish town and the accompanying district in the province of Izmir. It is the successor settlement of ancient and medieval Greek city of Phocaea (Greek Φώκαια ), also Phocaea (from the Latin form Phocaea ), galloitalisch Foggia. Phocaea was on the peninsula between the Gulf of Elaea and of Smyrna. She was colonized by Ionians, but was in Aeolian. The city had a harbor, in front of which lay the small, occupied with temples and palaces island Bakchion.
History
The inhabitants Phokaias undertook sea voyages in the Archaic period ( to Spain ) and founded trading posts. Under Phokaias colonies are to name Massilia (today Marseille), Lampsacus and Elaea. When the city by the Persians under Harpagos around 545 BC. was taken, emigrated to the colonies from Phocaeans, many Alalia in the twenty years before founded to Corsica ( Aleria ). Later Phocaea sided with Antiochus III. Party of Syria and therefore was conquered by the Romans.
Phocaea was inhabited until the end of the Byzantine period in Asia Minor in the 14th century. Between 1264 and 1455 the city was under the name of Foggia, a Genoese colony, most recently under the patrician family of the Gattilusio. The Greek population of the place was sold 1914-1922 and forcibly resettled under the Treaty of Lausanne. Today, the city is commonly referred to as Foça, officially, however, a distinction between Eski Foça ( Old Foça - ) and the 20 km distant Yenifoça ( New Foça ).
From the ancient city are hardly preserved remains, apart from two rock-cut tombs in the area of the city.
Economy and infrastructure
Today's Foça has remained largely untouched by foreign mass tourism and instead provides a popular weekend and holiday destination for residents of Izmir dar. The reason for this lies primarily in the fact that the Turkish military has stationed on an adjacent directly to the new harbor bay and as an extension of the village on the coast was largely prevented.
In Foça itself original character has been preserved, although even here, some pensions and two hotels have emerged in the last two decades cottages. The picturesque harbor is a fish restaurant follows the other. Meet here over the weekend mainly locals from Izmir who want to escape the hustle and bustle of the big city. The typical audience is made up of upscale Turkish middle class: teachers, artists, musicians, engineers meet here.
Who makes longer vacation, Yenifoça prefers about 20 km north, which is beautifully not so spectacular, but provides enough hotels and resorts for domestic and foreign tourists.
Foça is also known by the sirens Islands, which has already been described in Homer's Odyssey. Today, however, they are more known by that live there some of the last monk seals in the Mediterranean. For this reason, the sirens Islands may look at it from the distance you can also just yet. You are uninhabited and are used by the local population to suspend a small number of goats, which can feed on the very sparse vegetation and the morning dew as a liquid, as the islands have no natural water supplies.
Personalities
- Fikret Adanir ( b. 1941 ), historian
Gallery
Eski Foça, overlooking the Old City to the sirens Islands
Port of Foça
Bazaar of Foça