Pope Innocent II
Innocent II (born Gregorio Papareschi di Guidoni; * before 1088 in Rome, † September 24, 1143 in Rome) was Pope from 1130 to 1143 the name of Innocent means (Latin ): " The Innocents ". .
After the death of Pope Honorius II voted on February 14, 1130, a minority of cardinals, led by Cardinal Haimeric, the papal chancellor, Cardinal deacon of Sant'Angelo in Pescheria, Gregorius, pope. However, the majority of the cardinals chose the same day the anti-pope Anacletus II, bringing an eight-year -ending schism began.
Bernard of Clairvaux was very keen one in favor of Pope Innocent. This was, therefore, supported by France and England; However, Anacletus by the Sicilian Normans, with which he won the stronger position of power within Italy.
The German King Lothar III. was undecided in the Pope question. But at the urging of the Magdeburg Archbishop Norbert he then turned to Innocent and moved to Italy. On June 4, 1133 Although he was crowned in Rome by Innocent to the emperor, the celebrations were taking place in the Lateran Basilica, St. Peter was occupied because of Anacletus II.
1134 he raised the archbishopric of Lund, at the instigation of the Emperor Lothair III. and imputed to the Scandinavian churches again the Archdiocese of Hamburg -Bremen.
After returning to Germany Lothar Innocent was driven by Anacletus troops to Pisa, where he had to stay on January 25, 1138 until the death of Anacletus. To Anacletus was elected successor Viktor IV, but a little later Innocent submitted to.
On March 29, 1139 Pope Innocent confirmed in the Bull " Omne date optimum " the founding of the Knights Templar.
1139 and the Second Lateran Council was held that Anacletus and his followers ( including the Norman king Roger II ) condemned. A little later, Innocent moved to the head of an army against Roger, but was captured and had to acknowledge Rogers claims. He died on 24 September 1143.
The Pope was buried first in the Lateran Basilica; Seven years later, however, reburied in the erected by him in its present form church of Santa Maria in Trastevere in Rome.