Praporshchik
Distinktionsabzeichen Service uniform / field service uniform
Praporschtschik (Russian Прапорщик, Eng. Transcription Praporshchik ) is Church Slavonic for прапоръ or banners and referred to in the land forces and air forces of Russia, but also a number of other countries, the lowest rank of the rank group of Praporschtschiks is, at the same time the generic term for this independent service level group or. designation for this particular career.
History
The Praporschtschik was first mentioned in the 17th century this name ( " it flutters, it blows " ) on the urlawische root pra -por is returned and refers to a " flag ". The cadet career of the NVA was equivalent to Praporschtschik career. The track is equivalent to Chorąży career in Poland and a number of other countries.
The position of the category in accordance with NATO rank codes WO- 1 to 4 or - OR 7 to 9 in English-speaking armed forces would be most comparable to this rank group.
Even in the presence of Praporschtschik differs, for example in Russia, Ukraine and Slovakia, fundamentally from the ensign of the Bundeswehr, which is a usually temporary rank designation for cadets of the Army, Air Force or medical service here.
Praporschtschik Russia
In the armed forces of the Russian Federation, there are two grades in this category. This is to be seen throughout Praporschtschik ( WO 1) and Oberpraporschtschik (WO -2). The equivalent in the Russian naval fleet to these ranks is michman ( WO 1) and Obermitschman (WO -2).
Russian empire
In the Tsarist Empire of the German Praporschtschik was also Praporstschik ) last the lowest officer rank. The counterpart in the Navy was the michman ( ru: Мичман, michman ). The rank came in since 1631, first from Western Europeans recruited "new regiments " on. With the introduction of the ranking table of Emperor Peter the First, he was in 1722, introduced with a few exceptions in the entire army. Since reaching the Praporschtschikdienstgrades also bourgeois were automatically elevated to the hereditary nobility, since 1856 then only in personal nobility.
The Unterpraporschtschik ( ru: Подпрапорщик, Podpraporschtschik ) ranged initially between the corporal ( ru: Капрал, Kapral ) and the sergeant ( ru: Сержант, Serschant ). Since 1798 the 1826 again abolished cadet rank Portepeepraporschtschik ( ru: Портупей прапорщик, Portupej praporschtschik ) was set before him; this was in turn just past the highest NCO rank, the sergeant ( ru: Фельдфебель, Feldfebel ).
1826 moved to the top of the Unterpraporschtschik NCO corps and served both as a standard-bearer and as a warrant officer; since 1907 it was the Praporschtschikstellvertreter ( ru: Зауряд - прапорщик, Saurjad - praporschtschik; lit. " Ersatzpraporschschik " ) prefixed.
The Praporschschikstellvertreter the use or the service position as a sergeant ( ru: Зауряд - прапорщик на должности фельдфебеля, Zaurjad - praporschtschik za dolschnosti feldfebelja ) was authorized to issue, in his capacity as company sergeant over all other NCOs and officers' deputies.
After the October Revolution of 1917, the Praporschtschikdienstgrade in the Soviet forces accounted for until 1972.
Imperial Russian Army
In the Imperial Russian Army from 1883 to 1917 and in the White Army from 1917 to 1923 was the lowest rank of Praporschtschik the rank group of officers / Rank Lasse lieutenant.
The ranks Unterpraporschtschik (Russian подпрапорщик / podpraporschtschik ) and Praporschtschik Substitute ( ru: зауряд - прапорщик / saurjad - praporschtschik ) hung close belonged to the rank group of NCOs / rank class Portepeeunteroffiziere; as was evident despite Namensversverwandtschaft on the shoulder pieces. The basic motive of this shoulder pieces was the later generations OR 8 - rank of the Soviet Army - ( ru: старшина / star china) Sergeant - revisited.
Equivalent to Praporschtschik were the following ranks:
- Infantry (1722-1730) - Ensign ( original name: Fendrik / Фендрик )
- Cavalry ( to 1884 ) - Cornet ( original name: Cornet / Корнет )
- Artillery (1722-1796) - Piece Junker ( original name: Schtük - juinker / Штык - юнкер )
- Cossack Army ( until 1848 ) - Chorunschi ( original name: Chorunschi / Хорунжий )
- Imperial Russian Navy - michman ( original name: michman / Мичман )
Rank designations in other countries
In the following countries, the spellings are up to the position in the rank structure almost identical or at least very similar.
- Slovakia Slovakia Slovak → Práporčík
- Slovenia Slovenia → Slovenian Praporščak
- Lithuania Lithuania → Lithuanian Praporščikas
- Czech Republic Czech Republic → Praporčík
- Kazakhstan, Russia Russia, Ukraine, Belarus Belarus, Russia Russia → Praporschtschik (Russian Прапорщик )
Although some former members of the Warsaw Pact follow the same concept but use different rank designations.
- Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Azerbaijani → Baş Gizir
- Democratic Republic of Germany DDR 1949 → Ensign ( NVA)
- Poland Poland → Chorąży
- Serbia Serbia → Serbian Cyrillic Zastavnik Заставник / Zastavnik
- Hungary Hungary → Ensign (Hungarian Zászlós ( ZLS) )
In the former People's Republic of Bulgaria it has not given this rank and the rank group.
Soviet Union
Following the tradition in the Imperial Russian Army Ranks Praporschtschik and michman well as their respective careers in the military- technical service for professional soldiers in 1971 were reintroduced. The Interior Ministry also this category has been introduced. She was mostly professional soldiers of the highest non-commissioned officer ranks of the Land Forces and the Air Force reserved. The equivalent to this rank was the michman (Russian Мичман ) of the Navy.
1981 Oberpraporschtschik ( ru: Старший прапорщик, Starschij Praporschtschik ) was set before him. The latter corresponds to the Obermitschman ( ru: Старший мичман, Starschij michman ) of the Navy. This grade group was incorporated into the armed forces of the Russian Federation.