Pterocarpus macrocarpus
Pterocarpus macrocarpus
Pterocarpus macrocarpus, also called English Burma Padauk or Maidu, a species of the genus Pterocarpus in the subfamily of the Fabaceae is ( Faboideae ). It is native to tropical Asia. The wood is utilized.
- 4.1 Notes and references
Description
Vegetative characteristics
Pterocarpus macrocarpus growing deciduous than in the dry season, medium to large tree, sometimes reaching the stature heights of usually 10 to 25 meters up to 35 meters. He has a medium growth rate. In dense forests, long and relatively straight trunks are made of open spots the stems are rather short and the treetops spreading. In their natural habitat these trees rarely exceed heights of growth of more than 30 meters and trunk diameter ( diameter at breast height ) of more than 0.7 meters. As ornamental trees and shrubs can be greater, for example, an approximately 64 -year-old specimen in Puerto Rico was measured with a height of 39 meters and a diameter at breast height of 1.7 meters. The gray - brown bark peels off and makes a red resin.
The alternate arranged leaves are about 20 cm long. The unpaired pinnate leaf blades have about eleven leaflets.
Generative features
In Vietnam, the flowering period of February to April and extends into Myanmar from March to May The flowers are long, racemose inflorescences in 5 to 9 cm.
The scented flowers are hermaphrodite and zygomorphic fünfzählig double perianth. The crown has the typical structure of the Fabaceae. The five petals are yellow.
The woody, with a diameter from 4.5 to 7 cm, more or less circular, relatively flat legume consists of a mostly two seeds containing different thickness, the central region and a wide surrounding wing. These legumes do not open automatically. The reddish-brown seed has a length of 0.8 to 1 cm and having a leathery seed coat. 1400 to 2000 seeds weigh 1 kg. The fruits are mature in Vietnam in December. The ripe fruits remain on the tree for several months.
Occurrence and ecology
The distribution area of Pterocarpus macrocarpus located in tropical Asia: Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Vietnam. Pterocarpus macrocarpus thrives in altitudes between near sea level to about 670 meters.
Pterocarpus macrocarpus often comes together with Tectona grandis in humid deciduous forests. Suitable soils are sandy loam to clay loam with pH values ranging from neutral to very acidic. In the home areas the annual rainfall between about 1000 and 2000 mm. The monthly average temperatures are fairly uniform at about 24 ° C.
Since Pterocarpus macrocarpus bit slower growing than the other types of the location, he has to survive, where it is dominated by the other species until a gap in the canopy created several years. Therefore, Pterocarpus makes macrocarpus only small percentages of the top floor of the natural forest.
Taxonomy
The first description of Pterocarpus macrocarpus in 1874 by Wilhelm Sulpiz short in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. In Part 2: Natural History, 43 (2 ), pp. 187 There are many synonyms for Pterocarpus macrocarpus short Lingoum cambodianum Pierre, Lingoum glaucinum Pierre, Pierre Lingoum gracile, Lingoum macrocarpum (short ) Kuntze, Lingoum oblongum Pierre, Lingoum parvifolium Pierre, Lingoum pedatum Pierre, Pterocarpus cambodianus (Pierre) Gagnep. , Pterocarpus cambodianus Pierre, Pterocarpus cambodianus var calcicolus Craib, Pterocarpus cambodianus var gracilis (Pierre) Gagnep. , Pterocarpus cambodianus var parvifolius (Pierre) Gagnep. , Pterocarpus macrocarpus var oblongus (Pierre) Gagnep. , Pterocarpus parvifolius (Pierre) Craib, Pterocarpus parvifolius Pierre, Pterocarpus pedatus (Pierre) Gagnep. , Pterocarpus pedatus Pierre.
Swell
- John K. Francis, 2004: data sheet of the International Institute of Tropical Forestry - USDA Forest Service.
- Justo P. Rojo: Pterocarpus (Leguminosae - Papilionaceae ) revised for the world, In: . Phanerogamarum monographiae, Volume 5, J. Cramer Verlag, teaching, Vaduz, Stuttgart, 1972, pp. 1-119.