Regional planning

Regional planning serves as a regional spatial planning of the concrete, operational integration, and implementation of the objectives of the regions. She thus adopts a mediating position between the general government planning ( regional development ) and local community development. By regional planning establishes principles and objectives for land use planning, it creates predictability for municipalities and professional planning support. She typically works with planning scales between 1:100,000 and 1:150,000.

Classification

In Germany there are superior at the federal and state governments, the requirements of spatial planning, which mainly contains textual determinations. At the country level, regional planning is formulated by the provincial spatial plans. Among these is the regional planning, which includes textual and graphical planning guidelines in the spatial plans for the subspaces of the countries.

In Switzerland and Austria, the competence for regional planning is shifted to the level of the Länder or cantons.

Below the regional planning municipal development planning is based in Germany, which covers in the form of land use planning, the area of a municipality. As the lowest level of spatial planning is the binding land in the form of the development plan at district and neighborhood level. Comparable regulations are also found in Switzerland and Austria.

Basically, the plan is based on a level of planning the parent level or evolve from it. On the other hand, the counter-current principle is enshrined in Germany, according to which the plans are intended to influence vertically in both directions to. In any case, the legitimate interests of stakeholders are heard and weigh in conflicts against each other.

Tasks

Regional planning has mainly the following tasks:

• Setting up and maintenance of the regional plan
• Integration of the landscape plan for the region in the Regional Plan
• Advising the carrier of the urban land, the other public, and other ( private ) planning authorities
• Involvement in the setting up and maintenance of the national spatial plan and the professional development plans of the country
• Implementation of regional planning process
• Participation in the technical planning of the country
• Regional Policy initiatives for the promotion and development of the region
• Cooperation with regional carriers Community tasks

An example of the task of regional planning is the identification of intended for retail space ( for tuning the downstream areas and development plans ) in accordance with the requirements of state planning and the central place system. A lack of appropriate regional planning guidelines may lead to undesirable proliferation of designations of areas from the local level, as observed in the first years after reunification in the new federal states.

National

Germany

At the country level, see

Support of regional planning

As the support of regional planning, ie to undertake these tasks, special public corporations were formed in some states, called depending on the state of regional associations, regional planning associations, planning communities or regions.

Regional planning can also be named differently depending on the region, such as Regional Spatial Plan, Regional Plan, Regional Spatial Planning program etc.

Legal basis

According to § 8 paragraph 1 No. 2 ROG ( regional plans ) are in the countries of spatial plans for the subspaces of the countries set up. The regional plans are to be developed from the regional development plan for the country's territory. Here, the city states of Berlin, Bremen and Hamburg and the Saarland are excluded; they can save this planning level and link directly to the land-use planning.

Regional planning in the federal states of the Federal Republic of Germany

See also: List of forms of organization of regional planning in Germany

In Baden -Württemberg " Second Act on Administrative Reform ( Regional Association Act) of 26 July 1971 (Journal of Laws p. 336) " were set a total of 12 such regional organizations as of 1 January 1973 the. The Regional Association Middle Neckar, based in Stuttgart later received further powers and was therefore transferred to the Verband Region Stuttgart. This region received a directly elected by the people's representatives, the Regional Assembly. Two of the regional associations are now responsible beyond the borders of Baden -Württemberg addition. All regional associations of Baden-Württemberg are described in Article regional associations in Baden- Württemberg.

The planning regions in Bavaria were created on 1 April 1973 to the classification of Bavaria in a total of 18 regions on the basis of the Bavarian State Planning Act of 1970. For each planning region, a Regional Planning Association was established, an association of municipalities and districts of the region, which has the legal form of a public corporation.

The state of Brandenburg is divided into 5 Regional planning associations. There is a Joint Spatial Planning Department of Berlin and Brandenburg.

In Hesse, the planning regions correspond to the three administrative districts of Kassel ( North and East Hesse ), casting ( Central Hesse ) and Darmstadt ( South Hesse ).

In Lower Saxony are basically (except Greater Brunswick, Hanover region ), the counties and cities the support of regional planning. 2014 were appointed in Lower Saxony Regional Officer, responsible for the areas of the existing 1978-2004 administrative districts and replace the existing government agencies.

Since 1992, following four planning regions have emerged for regional planning in Mecklenburg -Western Pomerania: Western Mecklenburg Middle Mecklenburg / Rostock, Pomerania and Mecklenburg Lake District.

In North Rhine -Westphalia regional planning at the five ( government ) district governments with their associated regional councils ( voting members of the district-free cities and counties sent ) settled. However, since October 2009 for the Ruhr of the ( municipal) RVR responsible for regional planning. The areas of the Ruhr area are therefore no longer included in regional plans concerned the Ruhr district governments.

In the state of Rhineland -Palatinate planning associations exist for the five planning regions: the Middle Rhine -Westerwald, Trier, Rheinhessen -Nahe, Rhine Palatinate and Western Palatinate. In Worms overlap two planning regions.

In the Free State of Saxony was published in 1991 five planning regions. For each of these planning regions in Saxony exists an eponymous Regional Planning Association. In the planning regions of West Saxony and Lusatia - Lower Silesia additionally lignite plans are drawn up ( for current open pit mines ) and remediation frameworks ( for disused opencast ). Since August 2008, exist through a merger as a result of the Saxon district reform for just 4 planning regions.

The state of Saxony -Anhalt is divided into the following five planning regions: Altmark, Magdeburg, Anhalt - Bitterfeld - Wittenberg (Dessau, Wittenberg district and the district of Anhalt -Bitterfeld ), Hall (the town hall, the castle district, the Saalekreis and former district Mansfeld ) and resin ( resin county and former district Sangerhausen ). For these planning regions have their origin and their different development conditions are set up regional development plans in compliance.

In the Land of Schleswig -Holstein, the Interior Ministry develops for its five planning regions regional plans, but without crossing the territory of the city of Hamburg.

In Thuringia there are four planning regions (North, Central, Southwest and East Thuringia ). For this, the respective regional planning association the Regional Plan - formerly known as Regional spatial plans ( RROP ) - on. The planning region consists of several counties and except in Northern Thuringia each two independent cities.

No own planning regions there are in the city states of Hamburg, Bremen and Berlin and the Saarland.

Austria

The federal states are responsible for the supra-local spatial planning in Austria and work on the basis of the relevant local laws plans and programs for the country or for specific regions. This is known as country and regional planning. Regional planning is carried out in collaboration with the municipalities and / or regional associations. The communities work building on local spatial planning concepts or programs, zoning plans and development plans.

In order to coordinate joint task planning Austrian Conference on Spatial Planning ( ÖROK ) was established. The main tool is the Austrian Spatial Development Concept (WCC, ÖREK ), which combines in terms of a recommendation, the interests of local authorities ( federal, state and local governments) and the European Union, and as a model for a Directive for medium-term framework plan provides ( recreating each in the 10 - year interval ). ÖROK also provides support for transnational programs, such as Alpine Space Interreg participation (SOUTH -EAST EUROPE and Cadses ), the European Spatial Planning Observation Network ( ESPON) or the European exchange and learning program URBACT.

Institutions of countries are:

• Office of Planning and housing subsidies, state office directorate of government of Burgenland [ AT 1]
• Division 20 - Spatial planning, local and regional development / EU program office, Office of the Carinthian Government [ AT 2]
• Department of Spatial Planning and Regionalpoliltik, Office of the Provincial Government [ AT 3 ]
• Directorate for Spatial Planning, Economic and Rural Development, Office of Upper Austria. State Government [ AT 4]
• Department of Spatial Planning, Land Salzburg - Office of the Provincial Government of Salzburg [ AT 5]
• Departments A7 country and community development and 13 Environment and Planning, State of Styria - Office of the Styrian Provincial Government [ [ AT 6]
• Department of Regional Development and Future Strategy, Office of the Tyrolean regional government [ AT 7]
• VII Building and Planning, Office of the Provincial Government of Vorarlberg [ AT 8]
• Urban development of Vienna. a collaboration of numerous municipal departments ( business group - urban development, transport, ...; Chief Executive - Stadtbaudirektion, group planning, MA 18 urban development and urban planning, 19 MA Architecture and Urban Design, and others) [ AT 9]

Switzerland

The competence of the legislation is predominantly at the Swiss cantons, which leave their communities usually a fairly large design margin. The legislation recognizes the interests of private property and the construction industry a high priority.

Professional associations / advocacy

The regional and state planners are combined to form a large part in one of the professional associations:

Germany:

• Association for Urban, Regional and National Planning Association ( SRL)
• Information circular of Spatial Planning Association ( IfR )

In Switzerland, is called the professional association

• Association of Swiss planner ( FSU).