Rheinau Abbey

The Benedictine Monastery Rheinau in today's Swiss municipality in the canton of Zurich Rheinau was founded about 778 and repealed in 1862. From 1867 to 2000 in the monastery buildings to a psychiatric hospital was housed.

From the summer of 2013, a music center is on the Rheinau be operated, the youth and adults from all over Switzerland for concert preparations, musical competitions and seminars open to. This project, which by the Foundation "Swiss music island Rheinau " is worn, should be two-thirds financed by the canton and one third by a private donation. In addition to a home economics school, a restaurant, and a museum to be established.

History

The foundation of the monastery Rheinau on a strategically well-protected Rhine island is circled by a Rhine loop should fall to the year 778. From Germany you can reach it via the old Rhine bridge Rheinau- Altenburg. Opposite was once the Celtic oppidum Altenburg -Rheinau.

In a document, the monastery appears for the first time 844 In 850 cited as the first abbot Anwarth. The second abbot, abbot Wolven ( 858-878 ) passes the monastery founded by his ancestors to King Louis the German and gets it on 12 April 858 to lifelong possession back. Contemporary of Wolven I. St. Fintan of Rheinau. Already in the 13th century was already here a convent school. Was particularly encouraged the monastery by Bishop Solomon II of Constance is mentioned in the radius of the Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia, who was a successor and nephew of Emperor Charles the Fat. With Altenburg -Rheinau the names of the supposed ancestor of the founders of the house of Habsburg, Count of Klettgau are: Radbot, Guntram and Lanzelin connected, a certificate from that time is displayed in: Actum in pago Clegowe in villa Altenburg, coram Gozberto Comite, anno V. registered Arnulfi.

Already in 1114 a Romanesque basilica was consecrated in 1120 and created the still existing document collection. The early history of the monastery - as with most monasteries in this period - switches between rich and privileged gift-giving by the kings and emperors of the Holy Roman Empire as well as harassment and robbery by the Schirmvögte. In 1126 fixed Count Rudolf of Lenzburg formed during the monastic settlement Rheinau.

Against the stronger claim of the Counts of Sulz, a protection agreement was concluded in 1455 with the Swiss Confederation, who saved the monastery first before further encroachments of the neighboring klettgauischen noble families. 1529 from Zurich, broke through on the Reformation on Rheinau, and the monastery had a short time to be abandoned. 1532 the monastery was restored and became a center of the Counter Reformation.

In the 18th century saw the Rheinau monastery, like the monastery of St. Gall, a late flowering under Abbot Gerold II Zurlauben. He left the monastery church of St. Mary with its powerful twin tower Font (1710 consecrated ) and the convent building to 1744 in the baroque style renew palatial. For the church Franz Beer was responsible, the other buildings were created by Johann Michael Beer. The monastery has preserved the then -created form to the present day. The frescoes are by the Ticino painter Francesco Antonio Giorgioli from Meride. The main organ was built 1711-1715 by Johann Christoph Leu, the choir organ built in 1710 by Johann Christoph Albrecht was expanded in 1746 by Johann Conrad Speissegger. The sculptor Johann Josef Auer created here, among others, the carvings for the baptismal font and other carvings as the Fintansgrab designed by the painter Hans Martin Lampard Tiengen. The Fintanaltar, game table, the choir organ and the standing figures on the choir stalls were created by the sculptor Anton Villingen Joseph Schupp. Stuckepitaphien for the abbots made ​​the plasterers, Pontian Gigel ( this stuccoed the sacristy ), Michael Quick and Franz Schmuzer. The pulpit created in 1756 Constance sculptor John Reindl. The iron choir screen are from the Constance locksmiths Hansjörg Allweiler and Franz Scheuermann. The altar of St. Mary's altar by Franz Carl Stauder, the father of Jacob Carl Stauder and the altar of St. Basil the high princely konstanzischem court painter Franz Ludwig Hermann. The building is a successful combination of many artists and craftsmen involved in the creation of works of art were (as usual) also gifted lay brothers of the monastery, which is decorated with inlaid vestments in the sacristy cabinets come from the monastery joinery.

During the turmoil after the French invasion of Switzerland in 1798, the monastery was temporarily resolved in 1803 but restored in the context of mediation. The area of the monastery to the town Rheinau was assigned to the restored Canton Zurich. After the liberal reorganization of the canton, the monastery was in 1834 placed under cantonal supervisory and finally in 1836 prohibited the further reception of novices. The last abbot gave his Abtsstab of young Beuron Archabbey. The older late Gothic rod went in 1854, founded in Spencer County St. Meinrad Archabbey ( Lage38.166212 - 86.810886 ).

Former library

Known as historian, Father Joseph Anton Franz Tall tree van der Meer ( 1718-1795 ). The sciences, as well as music and theater were maintained. Famous was the Medieval library with manuscripts and early prints, as well as an art cabinet. The historian and book collector Georg Wilhelm Zapf visited on his expeditions among others, the monastery of St. Blaise and the Rheinau monastery and tells it in his book: travel to some monasteries Swabia, through the Black Forest and Switzerland. In the year of 1781. Worinn of libraries, antiquities, history and the state of the literature ever notice is given, it seemed self-published, 1786 by Johann Jakob Palm in Erlangen.

Dissolution of the monastery

1862 was decided by the cantonal council ultimately abolish the abbey. The monastery archive was incorporated in the State Archives of the Canton of Zurich. In the conventual buildings of a cantonal hospitals and nursing institute was established in 1867. The later cantonal mental hospital was closed in late 2000. Since then, the monastery buildings are vacant on the island and expect a new use. Since February 1, 2003 there live the Sisters of Kehrsiten; They also call themselves sisters of spiritual companionship. The monastery church is used by the Catholic parish Rheinau.

Modern Times

The former outbuildings of the monastery of the monastery, the " guest house ", stables, Klosterscheune, basement and homes are being used ( social therapy, biodynamic agriculture Good Rheinau others) since 1999 by the Foundation Fintan with various companies. In the former convent garden organic seeds is from the Sativa Rheinau AG propagated and grown new vegetables. And it is there a garden grape varieties for testing new varieties for organic viticulture.

In 2003-2005, parts of the outbuildings have been restored by the Foundation Fintan and cantonal bodies, including the former " Emperor's Hall " in the " guest house " historical model (murals ) has been restored.

List of abbots of Rheinau

  • Antwarth, 850
  • Wolven I., 858-878
  • Wiehram, 879-888
  • Gozbert, 888-912
  • Rupert, 912-934
  • St.Conrad I., 934-972
  • Wipract, 975-977
  • Sigehart, 978-985
  • Adalbract, 985-993
  • Notker, 993-1010
  • Burkard I, 1010-1026
  • Birthilo, 1026-1040
  • Richardus, 1040-1060
  • Gerungus, 1060-1084
  • Cuno ( by Peter Hausen ) 1084-1098
  • Wolven II, 1098-1105
  • Otto, 1105-1124
  • Dietmar, 1125-1140
  • Otmar, 1140-1157
  • Diethelm of Krenkingen, 1157-1161
  • Henry I, 1161-1206
  • Henry II, 1206-1233
  • Burkart II, 1233-1241
  • Hermannus, 1241-1243
  • Eberhard I, 1243-1247
  • Berchtold von Falkenstein, 1248-1271
  • Conrad II of Herten, 1271-1302
  • Henry III. of Aitlingen, 1302-1329
  • Henry IV of Neuchâtel, 1329-1351
  • Henry V of Aitlingen, 1351-1377
  • Conrad III. Mayer, of Jestetten, 1380-1404
  • Conrad IV of Bissingen 1404-1409
  • Henry IV of Bettmaringen, 1409
  • Hugo, of Almishofen, 1409-1434
  • John of grief, 1434-1439
  • Eberhard II of Schwager ( Schaffhausen ), 1439-1465
  • Nicholas Ruegger, of Winterthur, 1466-1478
  • Lorenz von Reischach, 1478-1483
  • Johann Conrad, of grits, 1483-1498
  • Henry VII of Mandach, 1498-1529
  • Bonaventure of wave crest, 1529-1555
  • Johann Heinrich Schenk von Castell, 1555-1559
  • Michael Herster, by train, 1559-1565
  • Johann Theobald Werlin, of Greiffenberg, 1565-1598
  • Gerold Zurlauben, by train, 1598-1607
  • Ulrich Koch, Wil, 1607-1613
  • Eberhard III. Bernshausen -Kempten, 1613-1642
  • Bernhard I von Freyburg -Rheinau, 1642-1682
  • Basil Iten, of Unterägeri, 1682-1697
  • Gerold II Zurlauben, by train, 1697-1735
  • Benedict leather tanners, Wil, 1735-1744
  • Bernhard II Rusconi of Lucerne, 1744-1753
  • Romanus Effinger of Einsiedeln, 1753-1758
  • Januarius I. Dangel of Beromunster, 1758-1775
  • Bonaventura II Lacher, of Einsiedeln, 1775-1789
  • Bernhard III. Meyer of Schauensee, 1789-1805
  • Januarius II Frey, of Zurzach, 1805-1831
  • Januarius III. Schaller, of Fribourg, 1831-1859
  • Leger Ineichen of Urswil - high village, 1859-1862 († 1876), " Ultimus Abbas »

Clinic directors

Pictures

Rheinau monastery, view from the east

Farm buildings of the former convent Rheinau

Rheinau monastery church, view from the north

Former Benedictine Rheinau (left) in the women's guest house ( right) View from the east

Woman guest house gate to the garden of the East

Rheinau, Switzerland Solomon II (bishop of Constance) Radbot, Count of Habsburg Guntram the Rich Protestant Reformation Counter-Reformation Crosier Spencer County (Indiana) St. Blaise Abbey, Black Forest Petershausen Abbey Wellhausen, Switzerland Hochdorf, Lucerne Eugen Bleuler Friedrich Ris
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