Rhodospirillales
- Acetobacteraceae
- Rhodospirillaceae
The Rhodospirillales form an order within the Alphaproteobacteria. They consist of the families Rhodospirillaceae and Acetobacteraceae. Ecology, morphology and metabolism of the bacteria of this order are very diverse. Here are chemotrophe, but also photoheterotrophe photoautotrophic and chemolithotrophic bacteria on the basis of 16S rRNA analysis summarized. Many Rhodospirillales have a typical corkscrew-like spiral cell morphology. They are mainly used in waters and sediments.
Rhodospirillaceae
The types of these questions to non- sulfur purple bacteria photoheterotroph family are for the most part, ie they need organic matter as an electron donor. Their photosynthesis is anoxygen, so they will not set off oxygen. Many species live on or mikroarob. If there is no light, the bacteria grow chemotroph. Species that are not capable of photosynthesis, grow obligate chemoorganotroph (eg Azospirillum and Skermanella ). Many bacteria of this family are begießelt polar.
Among the Rhodospirillaceae you will find some species that form intracellular magnetite crystals and arrange them in chains along the cell axis. Thus, the movement of the cells aligned along the geomagnetic field from ( Magnetotaxis ). Examples of magneto- tactical types are Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense, Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum and Magnetospirillum magneticum. The Magnetitkristallbildung is a complex, not yet understood process that is genetically controlled and is currently being explored as a special form of biomineralization intensive.
Other genera: Phaeospirillum, Rhodospira, Rhodovibrio, Telmatospirillum, Rhodospira and Skermanella.
Acetobacteraceae
In contrast to the Rhodospirillaceae are in this as acetic acid bacteria (English: acetic acid bacteria ) designated family mainly anaerobic bacteria species summarized perform photosynthesis, they require organic carbon sources to the diet ( chemoorganotroph ) and oxidize ethanol to acetic acid. Due to genetic research subject in recent times, the systematics of this family to genus level some changes. Thus, inter alia, many species of the genus Acetobacter were asked to the genus Gluconacetobacter.
Other members of this family: Acidicaldus, Acidiphilium, Asaia, Granulibacter, Kozakia, Stella and Teichococcus.