Rhodostrophia calabra
Broom - Rotbandspanner ( Rhodostrophia calabra ). Note: Pictured is a crippled copy with deformed and torn front wings.
The broom - Rotbandspanner ( Rhodostrophia calabra ), also called broom - Rotrandspanner or Yellowish Rotbandspanner, is a butterfly (moth ) from the family of the tensioner ( Geometridae ).
Features
The male moths reach a wingspan of 28-33 millimeters; the females are 28 to 35 millimeters slightly larger. The base color is ocher or light brown with a slight Olivton, the hind wings are much brighter for Costalrand out. The drawing elements are purple, with the subspecies separata also brownish red. The inner transverse line is clearly developed on the forewings; but it is absent on the hind wings. Around the place of the outer transverse line a transverse band is formed, the distal and proximal boundary is almost always formed clear and very sharp. However, may be held in the color or completely filled with purple the gap. The inner transverse line is curved on a regular basis, the outer transverse band is, however, often slightly wavy or slightly serrated. Hem line and the fringes are also purple, occasionally the purple area stretches still on the distal Saumfeld. Diskalflecke mostly absent in the Nominatunterart, but can usually be found in the other two subspecies.
The elongated egg is initially bluish and later turns reddish.
The caterpillar is relatively very slender and tapering somewhat toward the tip end. The segments are relatively long. It is blue-gray, brown gray to yellow-brown. The dark dorsal line is broken up by lighter spots. The top has small, light-colored warts that are covered with short black bristles.
The doll is colored relatively slender and tawny. It has bright yellow elytra and a dark dorsal line.
Geographical distribution
The broom - Rotbandspanner is mostly native to southern Europe. The distribution area stretches from the Iberian Peninsula in the west, next to a small isolated reserves in North Africa ( Morocco), on the south of France, the Western and Southern Alps, Italy ( with the exception of the Po Valley ), the eastern Adriatic coast to the southern Balkan Peninsula. In Central Europe, there are only a few isolated occurrences in central France and Rhineland -Palatinate. You're missing the larger Mediterranean islands (Corsica, Sardinia, the Balearic Islands, Sicily and Crete). In the Balkans, an isolated occurrence is also north of it in the border area of northern Bulgaria / Serbia known. A larger, disjoint occurrences can be found on the eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey and the Caucasus region. In the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa, the Nominatunterart is represented by the subspecies Rhodostrophia calabra separata. The moths of this subspecies are somewhat smaller on average. The base color is lighter and the drawing elements are more brownish red than purple. In the Caucasus region and in the eastern Turkey occurs instead of Nominatunterart on the subspecies Rhodostrophia calabra transcaucasica. Always has significant Diskalflecke.
Habitat
The species occurs only in warm dry habitats. In Mediterranean countries, this is for example the maquis, loose oak forests with abundant gorse bushes. In the vertical height, the species occurs from sea level to around 1000 meters in front, exceptional cases, even up to 1600 meters. In the Iberian Peninsula the subspecies Rh calabra separata rises to 2000 meters.
Way of life
The broom - Rotbandspanner is univoltine, meaning it only one generation per year will be created. The moths fly from mid- May to late June, in the deeper areas of the Iberian Peninsula already at the middle of April, and in the Southern and Western Alps often until the end of May to end of July. The moths are diurnal and nocturnal. You can, when they are resting. , Be easily startled.
The caterpillars feed mainly on legume ( Fabaceae ). Detected as caterpillar food plants are: Scotch broom ( Cytisus scoparius ), gorse ( Genista ), mainly dyer's broom ( Genista tinctoria ), Back clover ( Dorycnium ), scabious ( Scabiosa ), sorrel ( Rumex ), Vogelknöteriche ( Polygonum ), thyme (Thymus ) and Meier ( Asperula ). The caterpillar overwinters which pupate in spring in a slight cocoon.
System
The species was described in 1786 by Vincenzo Petagna under the binomials Phalaena calabra first time scientifically. Later, the var under still under the name Phalaena trifasciata Cyrillo, 1787 Aspilates taeniaria Freyer, 1834 and Rhodostrophia calabraria muscosa craft Berger, described in 1908, are so junior synonyms. Currently three subspecies are distinguished: the nominotypical subspecies Rhodostrophia calabra calabra Petagna, 1786 Rhodostrophia calabra transcaucasica Prout, 1920 ( in the Caucasus region and eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey ) and Rhodostrophia calabra separata Prout, 1935 ( Iberian Peninsula).
Endangering
The species is endangered in Germany. However, she was probably always restricted to relatively rare and Rhineland- Palatinate. The previously reported occurrence in Baden- Württemberg have proved to be misidentifications.