Riboflavin

  • Riboflavin
  • Lactoflavin
  • 7,8- dimethyl-10 - (D -ribo -2 ,3,4,5- tetrahydroxypentyl ) -3H, 10H -benzo [g ] pteridine -2 ,4- dione ( IUPAC)
  • 7,8- dimethyl-10 - (D - ribitol -1 -yl) - isoalloxazine (WHO )
  • E 101

A11HA04

278 ° C ( decomposition)

  • Poorly in boiling ethanol and higher alcohols
  • Very poor in water ( 65 mg · l-1 at 20 ° C)
  • Insoluble in diethyl ether and acetone

Riboflavin, also Lactoflavin or vitamin B2, vitamin G former name, is a vitamin of the B complex. It is popularly known also growth vitamin.

Description

Riboflavin is a derivative of the heterocycle pteridine, more of the sugar alcohol and Isoalloxazins ribitol. Riboflavin is poorly soluble in water, sensitive to light, but as stable to heat and oxygen, that it is not destroyed by cooking.

Riboflavin is used as a yellow food coloring ( E101 ).

Task / function

Riboflavin serves as a precursor for flavin coenzymes (FAD, FMN), in particular in oxidoreductases, such as NADH dehydrogenase play a major role. Thus, it takes a central role in metabolism.

It is also popular for the control of cleaning processes ( surfaces, hands, etc.) used in the pharmaceutical industry because it also illuminates in low concentration under UV light and thus is clearly visible.

Neurologists recommend one tablet of 100 mg of riboflavin per day for prophylaxis against migraine. Statistically, it reduces the vulnerability by about half.

In the literature on the subject of migraine on the other hand, referring to two studies, mainly of an effective dose of 400 mg riboflavin assumed.

Occurrence

It is for example found in milk and dairy products, but also in vegetables such as broccoli, rye, asparagus or spinach, as well as in fish, lean meat, eggs, and whole grain products. The daily requirement is about 1.2 mg and is usually covered by normal food intake.

Demand

  • Children: 0.7-1.6 mg / d
  • Adults: 1.2-1.5 mg / d
  • Pregnant women: 1.5 mg / d
  • Breastfeeding: 1.6 mg / d

Deficiency symptoms

With normal diet will not occur deficiencies. However, it can occur in pregnant women and alcoholics to deficiency symptoms, resulting in rashes, cracked skin (especially on the lips or in the mouth, cheilosis ) and express sensitivity to light. This is called hypovitaminosis Ariboflavinose. For early detection of a riboflavin deficiency of EGRAC can be determined.

In the migraine research is believed that migraine patients may suffer from a deficiency of brain metabolism using riboflavin, which can be solved or alleviated by the addition of more vitamin accordingly.

Overdose

Overdose are not known in humans. The toxicity of B2 is very low. Usually, also, not needed or absorbable by the body, riboflavin is excreted in the urine again, as with other water-soluble vitamins.

History

Vitamin B2 was first isolated in 1920 from milk ( lacto ), includes a yellow chromophore ( flavin ) and a ribityl residue ( ribo ). (Synonym: riboflavin, Lactoflavin )

CAS registry number PubChem Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System DrugBank Flavin group Cofactor (biochemistry) Exanthem Hypervitaminosis
494830
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