Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zagreb

The Archdiocese of Zagreb (Latin: Archidioecesis Zagrebiensis, Croat. Zagrebačka nadbiskupija ) and its ecclesiastical province is territorial and with the number of its faithful the largest Roman Catholic administrative unit in Croatia dar. It covers most of central Croatia and the Croatian part of Baranja.

On the territory of the Archdiocese live nearly 40 % of all Roman Catholics of Croatia. The Archdiocese since 2009 are 3 Roman Catholic dioceses and one Greek- Catholic diocese under the direct: the Bjelovar- Križevci, Sisak and Bjelovar- Križevci and the Greek Križevci. As the largest archdiocese in Croatia is located in the capital of the country, it is true for most Croats as the " headquarters " of the Roman Catholic Church in Croatia.

In addition to the Archbishopric of Zagreb, Croatia has the following archdioceses: The Archdiocese of Đakovo - Osijek, the Archdiocese of Rijeka, the Archdiocese of Split - Makarska and the Archdiocese of Zadar. In the Croatian capital Zagreb there is also the seat of the Croatian Bishops' Conference ( HBK ) and the Military Ordinariate. The current Archbishop is Josip Bosanić.

Early Christianity

In the area of present-day Archdiocese of Zagreb Archdiocese Siscia ( Sisak ) was in Roman times the area of the Roman province ( Pannonia Savia ), whose bishop once asked St. Quirinus of Siscia ( kroat. Kvirin ). After the fall of Sirmium in 441, the archbishopric Siscia joined the Metropolis of Salona. In the time of the great migrations of the 6th / 7th Century went out the historical grown archbishopric. At the first Synod of Split in 925 attempt a start-up of the former Metropolia was undertaken. This project failed.

The Diocese of Zagreb

The Diocese of Zagreb was built in 1093 by the Croatian-Hungarian King Ladislaus I ( Ladislaus I ). This bears witness to the deed felicjanova isprava from the year 1134. It is the oldest preserved, certified document of today's Archdiocese of Zagreb. The founding of the Diocese of Zagreb should pursue not only religious but rather political goals. As power support for the Hungarian kings and the Hungarian authorities ( in personal union with Croatia) the Bailiwick of Hungary should be extended first under the reign of King Koloman of the river Drava to the territory of the Gvozd ( Posavina ). To this provision to even better meet, the newly established Diocese of Zagreb was initially placed under the Archbishopric of Gran Hungarian, then in 1180 the archbishopric of Kalocsa - Kecskemét to the year 1852.

The bishopric of Zagreb was materially wealthy foundations, the Croatian-Hungarian kings, as well as the wealthy personalities of the 12th century. The territory of the diocese was divided into Archidiakonate. In the commune census of the year 1334 following 14 Archidiakonate be enumerated: Gora, Zagorje, Svetačje, Gušće, Zagreb, Dubica, Komarnica, Gorica, Kalnik Vaška, Čazma, Bekšin, Varaždin and Vrbovec. Politically tried to integrate the products in personal union Croats soon as possible for his own purposes the Croatian- Hungarian King Ladislaus I..

The defied Pope Urban II, he was a famous defender of the Croatian kingdom. Now the king Ladislaus turned the antipope Clement III. ( Klement Guibert ) to. He wanted to strengthen his position as equal rank muster a counterweight to Pope Urban II. The political differences between the Croatian- Hungarian Crown and the Holy See were under Pope Gregory IX. settled in 1227.

The first bishop of the diocese was set up by King Ladislaus. It was either a Czech or Slovaks called Duh of Hahót. He brought valuable liturgical books in the diocese of Zagreb, which are now preserved in the archiepiscopal library. The first bishops of the diocese temporarily served some of the largest churches cathedrals. To remedy this situation, the decision was made ​​to open a representative cathedral. The first cathedral was built on the exact spot where is now the cathedral of the Archdiocese of Zagreb. The construction was carried out in the late Romanesque style that prevailed at that time in Central Europe. In 1217 it was completed and dedicated. In this event, the Croatian- Hungarian King Andrew II was present in addition to bishops, other religious as well as secular dignitaries.

For the religious life of the diocese, the first cathedral was of great importance. In 1242, however, of the diocese of Zagreb, the first built cathedral was destroyed by the invasion of the Tatars. To replace the finished in 1250 Chapel of St. Stefan was used. Today, the chapel is an integral part of the bishop 's seat of the Archdiocese of Zagreb. On the ruins of the first cathedral to 40 years later began the construction of a new cathedral under Bishop Timotej of Zagreb ( 1263-1287 ). The present cathedral was built in the Gothic Revival style.

Inner Ecclesiastical aspirations

In the 13th century the bishops of Zagreb sought to elevate the bishopric to an archbishopric. Their goal was to be able to be solved by the Hungarian Roman Catholic hierarchy. From these experiments evidenced by numerous historical records.

The Bishop of Zagreb Stefan II (1225-1249) was proven to be the first proponents of a merger of the Archdiocese of Split with the Diocese of Zagreb. He aspired to become the first Primate and thus preside as the first Archbishop of the Church of the Croats. Towards the end of the 17th century took Bishop Aleksander Mikulić ( 1688-1694 ) these thoughts again and again supported the association of the Diocese of Zagreb with the Metropolis of Split. His plan was prevented on the part of the Venetian Republic. Bishop Martin Brajković (1703-1708) again called for the levying of the Diocese of Zagreb to the rank of archbishopric. Pope Clement XI. (1700-1721) as well as the Viennese court were devoted to this project benevolent. The sudden death of Bishop Brajković the project was not realized again.

The national rebirth

The centuries-old desire and the related policy issue of elevation of the bishopric to an archbishopric Zagreb, reflected in intensified process of the Croatian national revival. Now, the Croatian Parliament was dedicated under the chairmanship of the Zagreb bishop Juraj Haulika de Varalya the status of the Diocese of Zagreb. As in 1848, broke off relations with the Hungarian Kingdom, the Croatian Ban Josip Jelacic of Bužim 1850 declared the aspirations of the Diocese of Zagreb at the Viennese court to the urgent task. On 12 August 1850, Emperor Franz Joseph I. an injunction was in the diocese of Zagreb raised to an archbishopric and simultaneously appointed to the archbishopric of the Croatian-Slovenian ecclesiastical province.

Due to the continued resistance of the archdiocese of Esztergom and Kalocsa, the Holy See in Rome, the final decision on the status of the diocese conference postponed for two years. Through the tireless efforts of Ban Josip Jelacic, the Vienna government and the papal nuncio and Cardinal at the imperial court in Vienna, Michele Viale Prelà issued Pope Pius IX. on 11 December 1852, the Bull " Ubi primum placuit ". Thus, the current was raised to the bishopric of Zagreb Archdiocese and Metropolitan Church. The new Metropolia were until then the archbishopric of Kalocsa assigned dioceses: Đakovo, Senj - Modruš and Križevci assumed. The papal nuncio and Cardinal Michele Viale - Prela led on 8 May 1853 in the Zagreb cathedral solemnly Bishop Juraj Haulika as the first Archbishop of Zagreb in his office a. With this historic event, the bishops and Roman Catholic Christians of the Archdiocese of Zagreb triggered the sphere of influence of the Hungarian Roman Catholic hierarchy. This can be seen historically at the same time be considered as a first step towards complete independence and territorial sovereignty of Croatia in this period. This concern was echoed by frequent political events (through the Tartar devastations by efforts of the Republic of Venice, the Ottoman Empire and due to the strict hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church in Hungary).

20th century

In the 20th century it was considered to divide the archdiocese. The pastoral activity should be guaranteed in the face of territorial size and the number of believers. The Zagreb, Cardinal Stepinac was considering in the 1930s in this regard the establishment of dioceses: Varaždin and Požega. On 5 December 2009, the Archdiocese of Zagreb were from parts of its territory to the founding of the dioceses of Bjelovar- Križevci and Sisak.

The management of the Archdiocese of Zagreb

The Archdiocese of Zagreb today covers a territory of 13,495 km ². The pastoral activity of the Archdiocese is taken by about 1.4 million believers claim. Up to the year 1997 ( before the above -mentioned new dioceses were created ) was the Archbishopric of Zagreb one of the largest administrative units of the Roman Catholic Church in Europe. It was one of nearly two million Roman Catholics. The territorial expansion was 22795.5 km ².

The Archdiocese is made up of the following 7 historic Archidiakonaten: Bjelovar- Kalnik ( Bjelovar - Kalnicki ) Čazma - Moslavina ( Čazmansko - moslavački ), Cathedral ( Katedralni ), Karlovac, Velika Gorica ( Karlovačko - Gorički ), Sisak - Highlands ( Sisačko - gorski ) Turopolje ( Turopoljski ) and Zagorje ( Zagorski ).

This Archidiakonate were still founded in the Middle Ages. There should be an easier management of the diocese size are possible. The historical Archidiakonate are further subdivided into 32 deaneries and these in turn into 312 parishes. The area of the city of Zagreb, in turn, is covered by the so-called Archidiakonat protected Cathedral. It consists of nine deaneries:

Upper Town ( Gornjogradski ) Kustodiat / Kustošija ( Kustošijski ), Maksimir Trnaja ( Maksimirsko - trnajavski ) Neu-Zagreb/Novi Zagreb ( Novozagrebački ) Remetinec ( Remetski ), Resnik ( Resnički ) Susedgrad ( Susedgradski ) Trešnjevka ( Trešnjevački ) and Vugrovec ( Vugrovečki ) with about 80 parishes.

Archbishop of Zagreb, Cardinal Josip provides Bosanić since 1997. The following three auxiliary bishops were commissioned for the Archdiocese: Vlado Kosić (since 2009 Bishop of Sisak ), Josip Mrzljak (since 2007 bishop of Varaždin ) and Valentin Pozaić.

Special

The archbishops of Zagreb had been historically charged with no further responsibilities to the other Roman Catholic bishops in Croatia. Since the 20th century it was common practice to position the Archbishop of Zagreb as the "first among equals" thereby emphasizing that the Archbishop of Zagreb, Cardinal title is assigned by the Holy See in Rome always. In addition, the Archbishop of Zagreb the chairman of the Croatian Bishops' Conference and the Community of the Croatian bishops.

In 1994, the Archdiocese of Zagreb celebrated its 900 anniversary. Participated in the ceremony, during his first pastoral visit to Croatia from 10 to 11 September 1994, Pope John Paul II in part.

Bishops

  • Osvald Tuz
  • Benko Vinković
  • Maksimilijan Vrhovec
  • Juraj Haulika (1837-1852)

Archbishops

  • Juraj Haulika (1852-1869)
  • Josip Mihalovič (1870-1891)
  • Juraj Posilović (1894-1914)
  • Antun Bauer (1914-1937)
  • Aloysius Stepinac (1937-1960)
  • Franjo Seper (1960-1970)
  • Franjo Kuharić (1970-1997)
  • Josip Bosanić (since 1997)
Friar Roman Catholic Diocese of Sisak Baranya County (former) Roman Catholicism in Croatia Croatian Bishops' Conference Quirinus of Sescia Ladislaus I of Hungary Personalunion Coloman, King of Hungary Archdeacon Zagorje (disambiguation) Gorizia Cardinal (Catholicism) Antun Bauer (Archbishop) Glas Koncila Roman Catholic Diocese of Syrmia Roman Catholic Diocese of Krk Roman Catholic Diocese of Dubrovnik Roman Catholic Diocese of Hvar-Brač-Vis Roman Catholic Diocese of Kotor
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